< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰgʷʰey-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Reanalysed root of *dʰgʷʰéyti, from *dʰegʷʰ- (“to burn”) +‎ *-éyti (*éy-present suffix).

Root

*dʰgʷʰey- (perfective)[1][2][3]

  1. to decline
  2. to perish
    Synonyms: *mer-, *neḱ-

Derived terms
Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰgʷʰey-‎ (8 c, 0 e)
  • *dʰgʷʰéy-t ~ *dʰgʷʰy-ént (root aorist)
    • Proto-Hellenic:
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hágžʰayt
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hágẓʰayt
        • Sanskrit: क्षिधी (kṣidhī́, 2sg.aor.impv.)
  • *dʰgʷʰi-néH-ti ~ *dʰgʷʰi-nH-énti (*néH-present)[4][5]
    • Proto-Germanic: *dwīnaną (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *gžʰináHti
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *gẓʰináHti
      • Proto-Iranian: *ǰinā́ti
        • Avestan: 𐬘𐬌𐬥𐬁𐬌𐬙𐬌 (jināiti)
        • Khotanese: [script needed] (jändä), [script needed] (jindä)
  • *dʰgʷʰi-néw-ti ~ *dʰgʷʰi-nw-énti (*néw-present)[6]
    • Proto-Hellenic:
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *gžʰináwti
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *gẓʰiṇáwti
        • Sanskrit: क्षिणोति (kṣiṇóti)
  • *dʰgʷʰi-yé-ti (*yé-present)[5]
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *gžʰiyátay
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *gẓʰiyátay
        • Sanskrit: क्षीयते (kṣīyáte)
        • Sanskrit: *झीयते (jhīyáte)
          • Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀛𑀺𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀇 (jhijjaï)
          • Sauraseni Prakrit:
            • Hindi: झीझना (jhījhnā)
      • Proto-Iranian: *ǰiyátay
        • Avestan: 𐬀𐬘𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬨𐬥𐬀 (ajiiamna, “not aging”), 𐬀𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬘𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬨𐬥𐬀 (afrajiiamna, “not decreasing”)
        • Khotanese: [script needed] (jīye), [script needed] (jītä)
        • Old Persian: 𐎪𐎡𐎹𐎶𐎴 (ji-i-y-m-n- /⁠jiyamna-⁠/, “the end”)
  • *dʰgʷʰéy-ti-s ~ *dʰgʷʰi-téy-s[7] (see there for further descendants)
  • *dʰgʷʰéy-tu-s ~ *dʰgʷʰi-téw-s[8]
    • Proto-Italic: *(k)situs
  • *dʰgʷʰi-tó-s
    • Proto-Hellenic: *kʷʰtʰitós
      • Ancient Greek: φθῐτός (phthitós)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *gžʰitás

References
  1. Pokorny, Julius (1959) “gu̯hđei̯-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 487
  2. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*dhgu̯hei̯-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 150
  3. Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 194
  4. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*dwīnan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 112-113
  5. Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*ǰaiH”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 223
  6. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “φθίνω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1570-1571
  7. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “sitis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 568
  8. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “situs”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 568
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