< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/dwīnaną
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
According to Orel, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰwey- (“to slip away; dwindle; die”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰew- (“to die; pass away”).[1] Given that Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰ generally becomes Proto-Germanic *w word-internally, according to Kroonen, this would rather be from Proto-Indo-European *dʰgʷʰey- (“to decline, perish”).[2]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈdwiː.nɑ.nɑ̃/
Inflection
Conjugation of *dwīnaną (strong class 1)
active voice | passive voice | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
1st singular | *dwīnō | *dwīnaų | — | *dwīnai | ? |
2nd singular | *dwīnizi | *dwīnaiz | *dwīn | *dwīnazai | *dwīnaizau |
3rd singular | *dwīnidi | *dwīnai | *dwīnadau | *dwīnadai | *dwīnaidau |
1st dual | *dwīnōz | *dwīnaiw | — | — | — |
2nd dual | *dwīnadiz | *dwīnaidiz | *dwīnadiz | — | — |
1st plural | *dwīnamaz | *dwīnaim | — | *dwīnandai | *dwīnaindau |
2nd plural | *dwīnid | *dwīnaid | *dwīnid | *dwīnandai | *dwīnaindau |
3rd plural | *dwīnandi | *dwīnain | *dwīnandau | *dwīnandai | *dwīnaindau |
past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
1st singular | *dwain | *dwinį̄ | |||
2nd singular | *dwaint | *dwinīz | |||
3rd singular | *dwain | *dwinī | |||
1st dual | *dwinū | *dwinīw | |||
2nd dual | *dwinudiz | *dwinīdiz | |||
1st plural | *dwinum | *dwinīm | |||
2nd plural | *dwinud | *dwinīd | |||
3rd plural | *dwinun | *dwinīn | |||
present | past | ||||
participles | *dwīnandz | *dwinanaz |
Related terms
- *dwaiskijaną (possibly)
References
- Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*dwīnanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 81
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*dwīnan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 112-113
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