< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰegʷʰ-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*dʰegʷʰ- (imperfective)[1][2][3][4][5]

  1. to burn
  2. warm, hot

Derived terms
Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰegʷʰ-‎ (28 c, 0 e)
  • *dʰégʷʰ-e-ti (thematic root present)[2]
  • *dʰogʷʰ-éye-ti (*éye-causative)[1]
    • ⇒ Proto-Albanian: *en-dadžja
    • Proto-Celtic: *degʷyeti (“to flame, blaze”)[6]
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dʰāǰʰáyati
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dāźʰáyati
        • Sanskrit: दाहयति (dāháyati)
    • Proto-Italic: *foɣʷeō (see there for further descendants)
  • *dʰḗgʷʰ- (aorist) or *dʰḗgʷʰ-s- (s-aorist)[2]
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hádʰākš
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hádʰākṣ
        • Sanskrit: अधाक् (ádhāk)
    • Proto-Tocharian:
      • Tocharian B: tsekär (3pl.), tseksamai (1sg.med.)
  • *dʰgʷʰ-éh₁ye-ti ~ *dʰgʷʰ-éh₁yonti (thematic *éh₁-stative)[1]
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *gžʰáHyati
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *gẓʰáHyati
        • Sanskrit: क्षायति (kṣā́yati)
  • *dʰgʷʰ-éy-ti (*éh₁-stative)
    • ⇒ Proto-Indo-European: *dʰgʷʰey- (“to decline, perish”, reanalyzed root)
  • *dʰegʷʰ-i-s
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *dеgis, *dаgis
    • Proto-Celtic: *degʷis (“flame, blaze”)[6]
  • *dʰégʷʰ-teh₂
    • Proto-Celtic: *uɸo-dextā[6]
      • Middle Welsh: goddeith
  • (possibly) *dʰₔgʷʰ-tós (?)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dʰagdʰás
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dagdʰás
  • *dʰogʷʰ-éh₂[7]
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *dagāˀ
  • *dʰógʷʰ-r̥ ~ *dʰgʷʰ-éns (“burning”)[8]
    • *dʰegʷʰr-h₂[8]
      • Proto-Hellenic:
        • Ancient Greek: τέφρα (téphra) (see there for further descendants)
    • *dʰegʷʰr-i-s[9]
    • *dʰógʷʰr-us ~ *dʰgʷʰr-éws
      • *dʰégʷʰrw-o-m
        • Proto-Italic: *feɣʷrwom[9]
          • Latin: februum (“means of purification”)
  • (possibly) *dʰogʷʰ-o-s
    • Proto-Germanic: *dagaz (loss of labiovelar unexplained, **dawaz expected)
Unsorted formations
  • Proto-Armenian:
    • Old Armenian: հր-դեհ (hr-deh) (possible borrowing)
  • Proto-Germanic: *diurijaz (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Italic:
  • Proto-Italic:
    • Latin: *fovimentum
      • Latin: fōmentum (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Albanian: *və-dez

Descendants

References
  1. Pokorny, Julius (1959) “dhegu̯h-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 240-241
  2. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*dʰegu̯ʰ-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 133-134
  3. Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*daǰ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 53-54
  4. Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “ndez”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 284
  5. Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “djeg”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 68
  6. Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*degʷi-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 93
  7. Derksen, Rick (2015) “daga”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 110
  8. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “τέφρα”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1475-1476
  9. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “febris”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 208
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