Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/twiznaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

*twiznô

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *dwis-nó-s (“double”), from Proto-Indo-European *dwís (“twice, in two”) + *-nós. Equivalent to *twiz- +‎ *-anaz.

Noun

*twiznaz m

thread, twine

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *twiznaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*twiznaz	twiznōz, twiznōs
vocative	*twizn	twiznōz, twiznōs
accusative	*twizną	*twiznanz
genitive	twiznas, twiznis	*twiznǫ̂
dative	*twiznai	*twiznamaz
instrumental	*twiznō	*twiznamiz

Derived terms

*twiznāną

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *twiʀn
- Old English: twīn, *twirn, *tweorn
  - Middle English: twine, twyne, twin, twern, *twire, *twir
    - Scots: twyn, twine
    - English: twine, twire
- Old Frisian: *twīn
  - Saterland Frisian: Twien
  - West Frisian: twyn
- Old Saxon: *twirn
  - Middle Low German: twern, twerne, twērne
    - German Low German: Tweern, Tweernt
- Old Dutch: *twīn, *twirn
  - Middle Dutch: twern, tweren, twaern, twijn
    - Dutch: tweern, twijn
- Old High German: *zwirn
  - Middle High German: zwirn
    - German: Zwirn
    - Hunsrik: Zwern
    - Luxembourgish: Zwir
Old Norse: tvinni (< *twiznô < *twiznāną)
- Icelandic: tvinni

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