< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-nós

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Suffix

*(Ø)-nós[1]

  1. Creates verbal adjectives from roots.

Inflection

Thematic
masculine feminine
nominative *(Ø)-nós *(Ø)-néh₂
genitive *(Ø)-nósyo *(Ø)-néh₂s
masculine singular dual plural
nominative *(Ø)-nós *(Ø)-nóh₁ *(Ø)-nóes
vocative *(Ø)-né *(Ø)-nóh₁ *(Ø)-nóes
accusative *(Ø)-nóm *(Ø)-nóh₁ *(Ø)-nóms
genitive *(Ø)-nósyo *? *(Ø)-nóHom
ablative *(Ø)-néad *? *(Ø)-nómos
dative *(Ø)-nóey *? *(Ø)-nómos
locative *(Ø)-néy, *(Ø)-nóy *? *(Ø)-nóysu
instrumental *(Ø)-nóh₁ *? *(Ø)-nṓys
feminine singular dual plural
nominative *(Ø)-néh₂ *(Ø)-néh₂h₁(e) *(Ø)-néh₂es
vocative *(Ø)-néh₂ *(Ø)-néh₂h₁(e) *(Ø)-néh₂es
accusative *(Ø)-nā́m *(Ø)-néh₂h₁(e) *(Ø)-néh₂m̥s
genitive *(Ø)-néh₂s *? *(Ø)-néh₂oHom
ablative *(Ø)-néh₂s *? *(Ø)-néh₂mos
dative *(Ø)-néh₂ey *? *(Ø)-néh₂mos
locative *(Ø)-néh₂, *(Ø)-néh₂i *? *(Ø)-néh₂su
instrumental *(Ø)-néh₂h₁ *? *(Ø)-néh₂mis
neuter singular dual plural
nominative *(Ø)-nóm *(Ø)-nóy(h₁) *(Ø)-néh₂
vocative *(Ø)-nóm *(Ø)-nóy(h₁) *(Ø)-néh₂
accusative *(Ø)-nóm *(Ø)-nóy(h₁) *(Ø)-néh₂
genitive *(Ø)-nósyo *? *(Ø)-nóHom
ablative *(Ø)-néad *? *(Ø)-nómos
dative *(Ø)-nóey *? *(Ø)-nómos
locative *(Ø)-néy, *(Ø)-nóy *? *(Ø)-nóysu
instrumental *(Ø)-nóh₁ *? *(Ø)-nṓys

Synonyms

Derived terms

Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-nós
  • *-iHnos
  • *-nom
    • *-o-nom, *-onom
      • Sanskrit: -अन (-ana)
        • Prakrit: -𑀅𑀡 (-aṇa)
          • Bengali: -না (-nā), -অনা (-onā)
          • Hindi: -ना (-nā)
      • Proto-Germanic: *-aną (see there for further descendants)

Descendants

  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *-nas, *-inas
    • Lithuanian: -inas
    • Old Prussian: -ins
    • Proto-Slavic: *-ьnъ (from *-inas)
    • Proto-Slavic: *-nъ (most past passive participles)
  • Proto-Germanic: *-anaz (all strong past participles)
    • Old English: -an
      • Middle English: -en, -e
        • English: -en, -Ø
  • Proto-Hellenic: *-nos
  • Proto-Italic: *-nos
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *-nás (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Albanian: *-njā
    • Albanian: -një

See also

References

  1. Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
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