< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hwētaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *kʷeh₁d- (“to stab”).

Pronunciation

IPA(key): /ˈxʷeː.tɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*hwētaną[1][2]

  1. to attack, assault
  2. to stab, pierce

Inflection
Conjugation of *hwētaną (strong class 7d)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *hwētō*hwētaų—*hwētai ?
2nd singular *hwētizi*hwētaiz*hwēt*hwētazai*hwētaizau
3rd singular *hwētidi*hwētai*hwētadau*hwētadai*hwētaidau
1st dual *hwētōz*hwētaiw———
2nd dual *hwētadiz*hwētaidiz*hwētadiz——
1st plural *hwētamaz*hwētaim—*hwētandai*hwētaindau
2nd plural *hwētid*hwētaid*hwētid*hwētandai*hwētaindau
3rd plural *hwētandi*hwētain*hwētandau*hwētandai*hwētaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *hwehwōt*hwehwōtį̄
2nd singular *hwehwōst*hwehwōtīz
3rd singular *hwehwōt*hwehwōtī
1st dual *hwehwōtū*hwehwōtīw
2nd dual *hwehwōtudiz*hwehwōtīdiz
1st plural *hwehwōtum*hwehwōtīm
2nd plural *hwehwōtud*hwehwōtīd
3rd plural *hwehwōtun*hwehwōtīn
present past
participles *hwētandz*hwētanaz

Derived terms

Descendants
  • Proto-West Germanic: *hwātan
    • Old English: *hwǣtan
      • ⇒ Old English: āhwǣtan
    • Old High German: wāzan
  • Old Norse: hváta
    • Icelandic: hváta, hvota

References
  1. Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*hwētanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 201
  2. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*hwētan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 266
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