Pompeius

Latin

Alternative forms

Etymology

Borrowed from Oscan [Term?], from 𐌐𐌖𐌌𐌐𐌄 (pumpe, “five”) +‎ -eius, from Proto-Italic *kʷenkʷe, from Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe. Compare Oscan 𐌐𐌞𐌌𐌐𐌀𐌉𐌉𐌀𐌍𐌔 (púmpaiians, “Pompeian”, masc.nom.sg.), which shows that the penultimate vowel was short, as well as the geminate consonant, just as in peius.[1][2] See also Pompeiī.

Pronunciation
  • (Classical) IPA(key): /pomˈpei̯.i̯us/, [pɔmˈpɛi̯ːʊs̠]
  • (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /pomˈpe.jus/, [pomˈpɛːjus]
  • Note: the spelling ei in this word most likely stood for a short vowel followed by the geminate consonant /i̯/.

Adjective

Pompeius (feminine Pompeia, neuter Pompeium); first/second-declension adjective

  1. of or relating to Pompei, Pompeian

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

Number Singular Plural
Case / Gender Masculine Feminine Neuter Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative Pompeius Pompeia Pompeium Pompeiī Pompeiae Pompeia
Genitive Pompeiī Pompeiae Pompeiī Pompeiōrum Pompeiārum Pompeiōrum
Dative Pompeiō Pompeiō Pompeiīs
Accusative Pompeium Pompeiam Pompeium Pompeiōs Pompeiās Pompeia
Ablative Pompeiō Pompeiā Pompeiō Pompeiīs
Vocative Pompeie Pompeia Pompeium Pompeiī Pompeiae Pompeia

Noun

Pompeius m (genitive Pompeiī or Pompeī, feminine Pompeia); second declension

  1. a citizen of Pompei, a Pompeian

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

Number Singular Plural
Case / Gender Masculine Feminine Masculine Feminine
Nominative Pompeius Pompeia Pompeiī Pompeiae
Genitive Pompeiī Pompeiae Pompeiōrum Pompeiārum
Dative Pompeiō Pompeiīs Pompeiīs
Accusative Pompeium Pompeiam Pompeiōs Pompeiās
Ablative Pompeiō Pompeiā Pompeiīs Pompeiīs
Vocative Pompeie Pompeia Pompeiī Pompeiae

Proper noun

Pompeius m sg (genitive Pompeiī or Pompeī); second declension

  1. A Roman nomen gentilicium, gens or "family name" famously held by:
    1. Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus or Pompey the Great

Usage notes
  • The Vocative of given names with this suffix has one syllable less than the Genitive.[3]

Declension

Second-declension noun, singular only.

Case Singular
Nominative Pompeius
Genitive Pompeiī
Pompeī1
Dative Pompeiō
Accusative Pompeium
Ablative Pompeiō
Vocative Pompei

1Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

References
  1. Leumann, Manu, Hofmann, Johann Baptist, Szantyr, Anton (1977) “138, 1a”, in Lateinische Grammatik: Lateinische Laut- und Formenlehre, CH Beck, page 127
  2. Leumann, Manu, Hofmann, Johann Baptist, Szantyr, Anton (1977) “273, 1d”, in Lateinische Grammatik: Lateinische Laut- und Formenlehre, CH Beck, page 289
  3. Leumann, Manu, Hofmann, Johann Baptist, Szantyr, Anton (1977) “325, 2: Vokativ”, in Lateinische Grammatik: Lateinische Laut- und Formenlehre, CH Beck, page 424

Further reading
  • “Pompeius”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “Pompeius”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • Allen, Joseph Henry, Greenough, James B. (1903) Allen and Greenough's New Latin grammar for schools and colleges: founded on comparative grammar, Boston: Ginn and Company, § 46
  • Pompeius in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
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