숨

숨	U+C228, 숨 HANGUL SYLLABLE SUM

Composition:

ㅅ + ㅜ + ㅁ

← 숧
[U+C227]

Hangul Syllables

숩 →
[U+C229]

쇼 ←	→ 숴
수 숙숚숛순숝숞 숟 술숡숢숣숤숥 숦숧숨숩숪숫숬 숭숮숯숰숱 숲 숳

Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 숨〯 (Yale: swǔm).

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [sʰu(ː)m]
Phonetic hangul: [숨(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Romanizations
Revised Romanization^?	sum
Revised Romanization (translit.)^?	sum
McCune–Reischauer^?	sum
Yale Romanization^?	swūm

South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: 숨의 / 숨에 / 숨까지
Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes low pitch, and heightens the pitch of two subsequent suffixed syllables.

Noun

숨 • (sum)

breath, breathing
숨을 고르다 ― sum-eul goreuda ― steady breaths

그녀 는 눈 을 감고 숨을 깊이 들이마셨다.
Geunyeo-neun nun-eul gamgo sum-eul gipi deurimasyeotda.
She closed her eyes and took a deep breath.
liveliness, spirit, vigor
stiffness
숨이 죽다 ― sum-i jukda ― the stiffness of death

Derived terms

(prefix to nouns)

숨결 (sumgyeol, “the state of breathing”)
숨구멍 (sumgumeong, “throat, windpipe, trachea”)
숨소리 (sumsori, “the sound of breathing”)
숨통 (sumtong, “throat, windpipe, trachea”)

(suffix to nouns)

단숨에 (dansume, “in one breath”)
목숨 (moksum, “life”)
한숨 (hansum, “one breath, pause, sigh”)

(prefix to verbs)

숨가쁘다 (sumgappeuda, “to be out of breath”)
숨거두다 (sumgeoduda, “to breathe one's last”)
숨넘어가다 (sumneomeogada, “to breathe one's last”)
숨돌리다 (sumdollida, “to take breath”)
숨막히다 (summakhida, “to be choked, suffocated”)
숨쉬다 (sumswida, “to breathe”)
숨죽이다 (sumjugida, “to hold one's breath, wither (of vegetables, etc.)”)
숨지다 (sumjida, “to breathe one's last, die”)
숨차다 (sumchada, “to be out of breath”)

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