숨거두다

Korean

Etymology

Univerbation of 숨 (sum, “breath”) +‎ 거두다 (geoduda, “stop, withdraw”).

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ˈsʰu(ː)mɡʌ̹duda̠]
Phonetic hangul: [숨(ː)거두다]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Romanizations
Revised Romanization^?	sumgeoduda
Revised Romanization (translit.)^?	sumgeoduda
McCune–Reischauer^?	sumgŏduda
Yale Romanization^?	swūmketwuta

Verb

숨거두다 • (sumgeoduda) (infinitive 숨거두어 or 숨거둬, sequential 숨거두니)

to breathe one's last, die, perish

Conjugation

Selected forms of the verb 숨거두다 (sumgeoduda): vowel-stem, regular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	숨거둔다 sumgeodunda	숨거두어 sumgeodueo	숨거두어요, 숨거둬요 sumgeodueoyo, sumgeodwoyo	숨거둡니다 sumgeodumnida
Indicative	Past	숨거두었다 sumgeodueotda	숨거두었어 sumgeodueosseo	숨거두었어요 sumgeodueosseoyo	숨거두었습니다 sumgeodueotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	숨거두느냐 sumgeoduneunya	숨거두어 sumgeodueo	숨거두어요, 숨거둬요 sumgeodueoyo, sumgeodwoyo	숨거둡니까 sumgeodumnikka
Interrogative	Past	숨거두었느냐 sumgeodueonneunya	숨거두었어 sumgeodueosseo	숨거두었어요 sumgeodueosseoyo	숨거두었습니까 sumgeodueotseumnikka
Hortative		숨거두자 sumgeoduja	숨거두어 sumgeodueo	숨거두어요, 숨거둬요 sumgeodueoyo, sumgeodwoyo	숨거두십시다 sumgeodusipsida
Imperative		숨거두어라, 숨거둬라 sumgeodueora, sumgeodwora	숨거두어 sumgeodueo	숨거두어요, 숨거둬요 sumgeodueoyo, sumgeodwoyo	숨거둡시오 sumgeodupsio
Assertive		숨거두겠다 sumgeodugetda	숨거두겠어 sumgeodugesseo	숨거두겠어요 sumgeodugesseoyo	숨거두겠습니다 sumgeodugetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		숨거두어 sumgeodueo	숨거두어서, 숨거둬서 sumgeodueoseo, sumgeodwoseo	숨거두니 sumgeoduni	숨거두니까 sumgeodunikka
Contrast		숨거두지만 sumgeodujiman	숨거두는데 sumgeoduneunde	숨거두더니 sumgeodudeoni
Conjunction		숨거두고 sumgeodugo
Condition		숨거두면 sumgeodumyeon	숨거두어야, 숨거둬야 sumgeodueoya, sumgeodwoya
Motive		숨거두려고 sumgeoduryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		숨거둠 sumgeodum	숨거두기 sumgeodugi
Past-tense verbal nouns		숨거두었음, 숨거뒀음 sumgeodueosseum, sumgeodwosseum	숨거두었기, 숨거뒀기 sumgeodueotgi, sumgeodwotgi
Determiners	Past	숨거둔 sumgeodun
	Present	숨거두는 sumgeoduneun
	Future	숨거둘 sumgeodul

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	숨거두신다 sumgeodusinda	숨거두셔 sumgeodusyeo	숨거두세요, 숨거두셔요 sumgeoduseyo, sumgeodusyeoyo	숨거두십니다 sumgeodusimnida
Indicative	Past	숨거두셨다 sumgeodusyeotda	숨거두셨어 sumgeodusyeosseo	숨거두셨어요 sumgeodusyeosseoyo	숨거두셨습니다 sumgeodusyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	숨거두시느냐 sumgeodusineunya	숨거두셔 sumgeodusyeo	숨거두세요, 숨거두셔요 sumgeoduseyo, sumgeodusyeoyo	숨거두십니까 sumgeodusimnikka
Interrogative	Past	숨거두셨느냐 sumgeodusyeonneunya	숨거두셨어 sumgeodusyeosseo	숨거두셨어요 sumgeodusyeosseoyo	숨거두셨습니까 sumgeodusyeotseumnikka
Imperative		숨거두시라 sumgeodusira	숨거두셔 sumgeodusyeo	숨거두세요 sumgeoduseyo	숨거두십시오 sumgeodusipsio
Assertive		숨거두시겠다 sumgeodusigetda	숨거두시겠어 sumgeodusigesseo	숨거두시겠어요 sumgeodusigesseoyo	숨거두시겠습니다 sumgeodusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		숨거두셔 sumgeodusyeo	숨거두셔서 sumgeodusyeoseo	숨거두시니 sumgeodusini	숨거두시니까 sumgeodusinikka
Contrast		숨거두시지만 sumgeodusijiman	숨거두시는데 sumgeodusineunde	숨거두시더니 sumgeodusideoni
Conjunction		숨거두시고 sumgeodusigo
Condition		숨거두시면 sumgeodusimyeon	숨거두셔야 sumgeodusyeoya
Motive		숨거두시려고 sumgeodusiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		숨거두심 sumgeodusim	숨거두시기 sumgeodusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		숨거두셨음 sumgeodusyeosseum	숨거두셨기 sumgeodusyeotgi
Determiners	Past	숨거두신 sumgeodusin
	Present	숨거두시는 sumgeodusineun
	Future	숨거두실 sumgeodusil

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