麻雀
Chinese
(to have) pins and needles; tingling; hemp (to have) pins and needles; tingling; hemp; numb; to bother |
bird; lentigo; sparrow | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (麻雀) | 麻 | 雀 | |
| simp. #(麻雀) | 麻 | 雀 | |
| alternative forms | 蔴雀 “mahjong” 麻鵲／麻鹊 “mahjong” | ||
Pronunciation
Noun
麻雀
麻雀
- sparrow (any member of the Passer genus)
- tree sparrow (Passer montanus)
- (dialectal, including Cantonese, Hakka, Southern Min, Eastern Min, Pinghua) mahjong
Usage notes
麻雀 was the original name of the game of mahjong, and this term is retained in many southern dialects. However, the name in modern standard Mandarin is 麻將／麻将 (májiàng).
Synonyms
- (sparrow):
Dialectal synonyms of 麻雀 (“sparrow”) [map]
- (mahjong):
Dialectal synonyms of 麻將 (“mahjong”) [map]
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 麻 | 雀 |
| マー Grade: S |
ジャン Jinmeiyō |
| irregular | |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 麻将 (rare) |
Etymology
First attested around the late Meiji period.
Borrowed from Mandarin 麻將／麻将 (májiàng).[1][2]
The kanji form is an orthographic borrowing from Chinese 麻雀 (máquè, literally “sparrow”), the original name for the game that is retained in some southern Chinese dialects.
Pronunciation
Usage notes
Usually refers exclusively to the Japanese variation, also known as 立直麻雀 (rīchi mājan). See 
Japanese Mahjong on Wikipedia.Wikipedia .
References
- Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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