麻將

See also: 麻将

Chinese
 
(to have) pins and needles; tingling; hemp
(to have) pins and needles; tingling; hemp; numb; to bother
 phonetic
trad. (麻將) 麻 將
simp. (麻将) 麻 将

Etymology

From 麻雀 (máquè, “sparrow”), with a Wu diminutive suffix /ŋ̍/ (syllabic velar nasal), retained in some Wu languages (compare Wenzhounese /ŋ̍/). This suffix then fused with the preceding syllable, and was conserved in the form of a nasal coda /-ŋ/. As an example compare Shanghainese 雀 (old pron.: /t͡ɕia̠ʔ⁵/) + /-ŋ̍/ → 將 /t͡ɕiã⁵³/.

The game of mahjong was called 馬吊／马吊 (mǎdiào) during the Ming and Qing dynasties, where the second syllable presumably represented a Wu pronunciation of 鳥／鸟 (niǎo) ("bird", see there for more).

Pronunciation

Noun

麻將

  1. mahjong
  2. (chiefly Wu, dated in Shanghainese) sparrow

Synonyms
  • (mahjong):
Dialectal synonyms of 麻將 (“mahjong”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 麻將
Mandarin Beijing 麻將
Taiwan 麻將
Ulanhot 麻將
Tongliao 麻將
Chifeng 麻將
Bayanhot 麻將
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 麻將
Harbin 麻將
Yantai (Muping) 麻將
Jinan 麻將
Luoyang 麻將
Wanrong 麻將
Xi'an 麻將
Yinchuan 麻將
Lanzhou 麻將
Xining 麻將
Ürümqi 麻將
Wuhan 麻將
Chengdu 麻將
Guiyang 麻將, 麻雀
Guilin 麻將
Liuzhou 麻將
Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine) 麻將
Xuzhou 麻將, 方城戲 humorous, 竹城戲 humorous
Yangzhou 麻將牌, 麻將
Nanjing 麻將
Malaysia 麻將
Singapore 麻將
Cantonese Guangzhou 麻雀
Hong Kong 麻雀
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 麻雀
Macau 麻雀
Guangzhou (Panyu) 麻雀
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 麻雀
Guangzhou (Conghua) 麻雀
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 麻雀
Foshan 麻雀
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 麻雀
Foshan (Shunde) 麻雀
Foshan (Sanshui) 麻雀
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 麻雀
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 麻雀
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 麻雀
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 麻雀
Zhuhai (Doumen) 麻雀
Jiangmen (Baisha) 麻雀
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 麻雀
Taishan 麻雀
Kaiping (Chikan) 麻雀
Enping (Niujiang) 麻雀
Heshan (Yayao) 麻雀
Dongguan 麻雀
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 麻雀
Qingyuan 麻雀
Fogang 麻雀
Yingde (Hanguang) 麻雀
Yangshan 麻雀
Lianshan (Butian) 麻雀
Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) 麻雀
Shaoguan 麻雀
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 麻將
Renhua 麻雀
Lechang 麻雀
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 麻雀
Sihui 麻將
Guangning 麻雀
Deqing 麻雀
Huaiji 麻雀
Fengkai (Nanfeng) 麻雀
Yunfu 麻雀
Xinxing 麻雀
Luoding 麻雀
Yunan (Pingtai) 麻雀
Xinyi 麻雀
Lianjiang 麻雀
Nanning 麻雀, 麻將
Wuzhou 麻雀, 麻將
Yulin 麻將
Hepu (Lianzhou) 麻將
Baise 麻雀
Qinzhou 麻將
Singapore (Guangfu) 麻雀
Gan Nanchang 麻將
Lichuan 麻將
Pingxiang 麻將
Hakka Meixian 麻雀
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 麻雀
Dongguan (Qingxi) 麻雀
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 麻雀
Zengcheng (Zhengguo) 麻雀
Zhongshan (Wuguishan) 麻雀
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 麻雀
Conghua (Lütian) 麻雀
Yudu 麻將, 貫索牌子
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 麻雀
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 麻雀
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 麻雀
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 麻雀
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 麻雀
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 麻雀
Luchuan (Daqiao) 麻將
Singkawang 麻雀
Huizhou Jixi 麻將
Jin Taiyuan 麻將
Pingyao 麻將
Xinzhou 麻將
Taibus (Baochang) 麻將
Jining 麻將
Hohhot 麻架
Baotou 麻將
Dongsheng 麻將
Haibowan 麻將
Northern Min Jian'ou 雀牌
Eastern Min Fuzhou 麻雀
Fuqing 麻雀
Southern Min Xiamen 麻雀
Quanzhou 麻雀
Yongchun 麻雀
Zhangzhou 麻雀
Tainan 麻雀
Penang (Hokkien) 麻雀
Singapore (Hokkien) 麻雀
Manila (Hokkien) 麻雀
Zhangping 麻雀
Pingnan (Shangdu) 麻將
Shantou 麻雀
Jieyang 麻雀
Singapore (Teochew) 麻雀
Leizhou 麻雀
Wenchang 麻雀
Haikou 麻雀
Qionghai 麻雀
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 麻鳥
Sanxiang 麻雀
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 麻雀, 麻雀牌, 麻將
Northern Pinghua Guilin (Dahe) 麻將
Wu Shanghai 麻將, 麻將牌
Shanghai (Chongming) 麻將
Suzhou 麻將
Danyang 麻將, 麻將牌
Hangzhou 麻將
Ningbo 麻將, 麻將牌
Wenzhou 麻將
Jinhua 麻將
Xiang Changsha 麻將
Loudi 麻將
Quanzhou 麻將
  • (sparrow):
Dialectal synonyms of 麻雀 (“sparrow”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 雀
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 麻雀
Taxonomic name 麻雀
Mandarin Beijing 家雀兒, 老家賊, 老家子
Taiwan 麻雀
Tianjin 家雀兒, 老家賊
Langfang 家照兒
Tangshan 家雀兒
Cangzhou 家雀兒
Baoding 老家
Shijiazhuang 家雀兒
Daming 小蟲兒
Ulanhot 家雀兒, 家賊
Tongliao 家雀兒, 家賊
Chifeng 老家子
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 家雀, 家賊
Harbin 家雀兒, 老家賊, 家賊
Shenyang 家雀兒
Yantai (Muping) 家雀兒, 雀兒
Qingdao 家雀
Jinan 家雀兒, 家雀子, 家雀
Luoyang 小蟲兒
Wanrong 飛蟲
Zhengzhou 小蟲兒
Xi'an 雀兒, 麻雀兒
Yinchuan 麻雀子
Lanzhou 雀兒
Ürümqi 麻雀子, 乾頭麻雀子
Wuhan 麻雀
Huanggang 麻雀兒
Chengdu 麻雀, 家麻雀, 麻雀子
Guiyang 麻雀, 瓦雀
Kunming 小雀, 穀雀
Guilin 麻雀
Liuzhou 麻雀, 麻雀鳥
Xuzhou 小老雀兒, 老雀兒
Yangzhou 麻雀子, 麻雀
Nanjing 麻雀
Hefei 麻䨂子, 麻雀子
Nantong 麻雀兒
Singapore 麻雀
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 麻雀子
Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) 麻雀子
Mae Salong (Lancang) 瓦雀
Mae Sai (Tengchong) 麻雀
Cantonese Guangzhou 麻雀, 禾花雀, 麻甩
Hong Kong 麻雀
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 麻雀
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 麻雀
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 麻雀仔
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 麻雀
Macau 麻雀
Guangzhou (Panyu) 麻雀
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 禾雀
Guangzhou (Conghua) 禾雀仔
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 麻甩
Foshan 禾雀
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 胡雀
Foshan (Shunde) 禾花雀
Foshan (Sanshui) 禾雀
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 禾丫雀
Zhongshan (Huancheng) 禾丫雀
Zhongshan (Nanlang) 禾丫雀
Zhongshan (Xiaolan) 禾花雀, 麻雀
Zhongshan (Dongsheng) 禾花雀, 麻雀
Zhongshan (Tanbei) 禾花雀, 麻雀
Zhongshan (Henglan) 禾花雀, 麻雀
Zhongshan (Dongfeng) 禾花雀, 麻雀
Zhongshan (Nantou) 禾花雀, 麻雀
Zhongshan (Fusha) 禾花雀, 麻雀
Zhongshan (Shalang) 禾花雀, 麻雀
Zhongshan (Gangkou) 禾花雀, 麻雀
Zhongshan (Huangpu) 禾花雀, 麻雀
Zhongshan (Sanjiao) 麻甩
Zhongshan (Langwang) 禾花雀, 麻雀
Zhongshan (Minzhong) 禾花雀, 麻雀
Zhongshan (Guzhen) 禾雀
Zhongshan (Banfu) 禾花雀, 麻雀
Zhongshan (Tanzhou) 禾花雀, 麻雀
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 麻雀
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 禾花雀
Zhuhai (Doumen) 禾雀
Jiangmen (Baisha) 禾雀
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 禾雀
Taishan 禾雀, 麻雀
Kaiping (Chikan) 禾雀
Enping (Niujiang) 禾雀
Heshan (Yayao) 禾雀
Dongguan 麻雀, 麻鷝 Qishi
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 麻雀
Shenzhen (Dapeng) 麻雀仔
Qingyuan 禾雀仔
Fogang 麻雀
Yingde (Hanguang) 禾花雀
Yangshan 麻雀仔
Lianshan (Butian) 麻雀
Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) 麻雀
Shaoguan 麻雀
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 麻雀, 禾雀
Renhua 禾雀仔, 禾鷝仔
Lechang 禾雀仔, 麻雀
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 麻甩
Sihui 麻雀, 馬騮兒
Guangning 禾穀仔
Deqing 禾花雀
Huaiji 麻甩仔
Yunfu 麻雀
Xinxing 麻乜
Luoding 麻雀
Yunan (Pingtai) 麻雀
Yangjiang 麻雀仔
Xinyi 麻雀
Lianjiang 麻雀仔
Nanning 麻雀
Wuzhou 麻雀仔, 禾穀雀
Yulin 麻雀
Hepu (Lianzhou) 麻啲, 禾穀雀
Beihai 麻啲
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 麻雀仔
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 麻雀仔
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 麻雀仔
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 麻雀仔
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 麻雀
Móng Cái 麻雀
Gan Nanchang 奸雀子, 奸雀, 麻雀子, 麻雀
Lichuan 禾接
Pingxiang 麻雀, 麻雀鳥仔, 麻雀仔
Guixi 麻雀鳥仂
Hakka Meixian 禾鷝仔
Xingning 禾鷝哩
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 麻雀, 麻雀仔, 禾花雀
Huizhou (Shuikou Bendihua) 麻雀仔
Huizhou (Hengli Bendihua) 麻雀仔
Huidong (Pingshan Bendihua) 麻雀
Huidong (Daling) 禾鷝仔
Dongguan (Qingxi) 麻雀
Longmen (Pingling Bendihua) 禾雀
Longmen (Luxi Bendihua) 禾烈
Boluo (Bendihua) 麻雀哎
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 麻雀
Zengcheng (Zhengguo) 鵝鷝仔
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 麻雀仔
Wuhua (Shuizhai) 禾鷝哩
Wuhua (Huacheng) 禾鷝哩
Wuhua (Changbu) 禾鷝哩
Heyuan (Bendihua) 禾雀, 麻雀
Zijin (Guzhu Bendihua) 禾雀
Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua) 禾雀
Longchuan (Sidu Bendihua) 禾雀
Heping (Linzhai Bendihua) 禾雀
Lianping (Zhongxin Bendihua) 禾雀
Lianping (Longjie Bendihua) 禾鷝
Wengyuan 禾鷝仔
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 禾鷝子
Xinfeng (Matou Bendihua) 禾雀
Xinfeng (Daxi Bendihua) 禾雀
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 禾鷝仔
Liannan 麻雀
Conghua (Lütian) 麻雀
Jiexi 禾鷝
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 禾鷝子
Changting 禾鷝子, 麻鷝雀哩
Wuping 禾鷝子
Wuping (Yanqian) 禾鷝子
Wuping (Pingyu) 禾鷝子
Liancheng 禾雀鳥
Ninghua 禾鷝子, 禾雀仔
Yudu 麻鳥子
Ningdu 麻鳥子
Ruijin 禾鷝子, 麻鳥子
Shicheng 禾雀, 禾雀子
Shangyou (Shexi) 麻鳥子
Tonggu (Sandu) 麻鳥子
Ganzhou (Panlong) 麻鳥子
Dayu 麻鳥哩
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 屋角鳥, 屋檐鳥
Miaoli (Zaoqiao; N. Sixian) 屋檐鳥
Miaoli (Touwu; N. Sixian) 屋檐鳥
Miaoli (Nanzhuang; N. Sixian) 屋檐鳥
Miaoli (Shitan; N. Sixian) 屋檐鳥
Miaoli (Sanwan; N. Sixian) 屋檐鳥
Miaoli (Toufen; N. Sixian) 屋檐鳥
Miaoli (Gongguan; N. Sixian) 禾鷝仔, 屋檐鳥
Miaoli (Zhuolan; N. Sixian) 麻雀, 屋檐鳥
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 屋檐鳥
Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) 屋檐鳥
Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) 屋檐鳥
Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) 屋角鳥
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 屋檐鳥
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 瓦雀
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 屋檐鳥
Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping) 瓦雀
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 必子鳥, 屋檐鳥, 屋角鳥
Hong Kong 禾鷝仔, 麻雀仔
Yangxi (Tangkou) 麻雀子
Yangchun (Sanjia) 麻雀
Xinyi (Sihe) 瓦筒雀
Xinyi (Qianpai) 麻雀
Gaozhou (Xindong) 禾鷝
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) 瓦鷝子
Huazhou (Xin'an) 瓦雀子
Lianjiang (Shijiao) 穀鷝子
Lianjiang (Qingping) 鳥子
Mengshan (Xihe) 麻尾鳥
Luchuan 麻麥鳥
Sabah (Longchuan) 麻雀
Senai (Huiyang) 麻雀
Senai (Hepo) 麻雀, 禾鷝 dated
Huizhou Jixi 麻雀
Shexian 麻雀
Tunxi 麻雀兒
Xiuning 米𪇹兒
Yixian 米雀兒
Qimen 麻雀兒
Wuyuan 童梁, 童梁鳥, 麻雀
Fuliang 麻雀
Dexing 麻雀鳥
Jin Taiyuan 雀兒, 家雀兒, 麻雀
Pingyao 雀兒, 土雀兒, 老家雀
Xinzhou 飛鳥兒, 小雀兒
Linhe 老家子
Hohhot 麻雀, 老家子
Dongsheng 老家子
Zhangjiakou 家雀兒
Handan 小蟲兒
Northern Min Jian'ou 毛隻仔, 隻仔
Jian'ou (Dikou) 黃鷝仔
Songxi 雀鳥仔
Zhenghe 隻鳥仔
Zhenghe (Zhenqian) 雀鳥
Jianyang 隻仔
Wuyishan 禾隻仔
Pucheng (Shibei) 禾味仔, 隻仔
Eastern Min Fuzhou 隻隻, 隻囝 suburban
Changle 隻隻
Fuqing 隻囝
Yongtai 隻囝
Gutian 隻鳥
Fu'an 王鴓
Ningde 粟鳥
Shouning 鸕鴓
Zhouning 隻囝
Fuding 麻鳥
Matsu 隻隻
Southern Min Xiamen 粟鳥仔
Quanzhou 粟鳥仔
Jinjiang 粟鳥, 雀仔
Hui'an 雀仔
Yongchun 粟鳥
Zhangzhou 粟鳥仔, 厝頭雀仔
Zhangzhou (Longhai) 厝頭雀仔
Zhangzhou (Changtai) 粟鳥仔
Zhangpu 厝頭雀仔
Zhao'an 麻鳥賊仔, 麻鳥賊
Dongshan 松鳥仔
Taipei 粟鳥仔
Taipei (Wanhua) 粟鳥仔
New Taipei (Tamsui) 粟鳥仔
New Taipei (Sanxia) 粟鳥
New Taipei (Pingxi) 粟鳥
Kaohsiung 厝角鳥仔
Kaohsiung (Cijin) 厝角鳥仔
Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) 厝鳥仔
Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) 厝鳥
Kaohsiung (Tianliao) 厝角鳥仔
Yilan 粟鳥仔
Yilan (Luodong) 粟鳥仔
Yilan (Toucheng) 粟鳥仔
Changhua (Lukang) 粟鳥仔
Taichung 厝鳥仔
Taichung (Wuqi) 粟鳥仔
Tainan 厝角鳥, 厝角鳥仔
Tainan (Anping) 厝角鳥仔
Taitung 厝鳥仔
Hsinchu 粟鳥仔, 厝鳥仔
Kinmen 杙鳥仔
Penghu (Magong) 厝角鳥, 厝鳥
Penghu (Xiyu) 厝角鳥
Penang (Hokkien) 粟仔鳥, 麻雀鳥
Singapore (Hokkien) 粟鳥仔, 粟鳥, 麻雀
Datian 檐賓仔
Chaozhou 麻雀
Shantou 麻雀
Jieyang 麻雀
Haifeng 麻雀
Bangkok (Teochew) 麻雀
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 麻雀
Leizhou 鳥暝
Wenchang 鳥暝
Haikou 鳥暝
Qionghai 雀暝
Puxian Min Putian 鳥囝
Xianyou 鳥囝
Central Min Yong'an 麻雀仔, 百家鷂, 禾穀仔
Sanyuan 斑雀仔
Shaxian 雀仔
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 麻鳥, 禾花雀
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 偷飯雀, 麻鷝雀, 麻雀
Northern Pinghua Guilin (Dahe) 麻雀
Shehua Fuding 麻鳥
Sanming 八哥鳥
Hua'an 麻雀
Jingning 食穀鳥
Chaozhou 麻雀
Fengshun 禾鷝
Waxiang Guzhang (Gaofeng) 麻雀子
Wu Shanghai 麻雀, 麻將鳥, 麻將 dated, 麻鳥 dated
Shanghai (Chongming) 麻將
Suzhou 麻雀
Wuxi 麻雀, 麻雀子
Danyang 麻雀, 麻雀雀, 麻雀子
Hangzhou 麻雀兒, 雀兒
Ningbo 麻將
Wenzhou 雀兒, 吃穀雀兒
Jinhua 麻雀兒, 麻雀
Jinhua (Tangxi) 麻雀兒
Xiang Changsha 麻雀子, 麻雀
Loudi 麻雀子
Shuangfeng 麻賊子
Quanzhou 麻雀

Derived terms

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (麻將):
  • → Korean: 마장(麻將) (majang)

Others:

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