See also: and
U+984F, 顏
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-984F

[U+984E]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+9850]

Translingual

Traditional
Shinjitai
Simplified

Han character

(Kangxi radical 181, +9, 18 strokes, cangjie input 難卜竹一月 (XYHMB) or 卜竹一月金 (YHMBC), four-corner 01286, composition )

Derived characters

  • 𫻤, 𫌧, 𩕝

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1407, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 43591
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1924, character 21
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): not present, would follow volume 7, page 4383, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+984F

Chinese

trad. /
simp.
2nd round simp.
alternative forms 𩕝
𩠪

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *ŋraːn) : phonetic (OC *ŋrans) + semantic (head).

Bronze inscription forms: Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *ŋraːn) : phonetic () + semantic (face).

Etymology

Various possibilities exist:

  • Related to (OC *ŋɡraːɡ, “forehead”) (Wang, 1982);
  • From (OC *ŋraːs, “to receive; to welcome”) + nominalising suffix *-n (Schuessler, 2007);
  • Related to Tibetan ངར (ngar, front side) (Schuessler, 2007).
  • From a root *ŋ(ˤ)rar (slope, nearly vertical side), whence also (OC *ŋˤrar, “river bank”), (OC *ŋ(r)ar(ʔ), “hill”), & (OC *s-ŋrar, “mountain”) (Baxter & Sagart, 2014).
  • Cognate with Japhug rŋa (face), Khroskyabs rŋá (Zhang, Jacques, and Lai, 2019).

Pronunciation


Note:
  • Xiamen:
    • gân - literary (incl. surname);
    • hiâⁿ - vernacular.
        • (Teochew)
          • Peng'im: nguang5 / nguêng5 / hian5 / ngang5
          • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nguâng / nguêng / hiâⁿ / ngâng
          • Sinological IPA (key): /ŋuaŋ⁵⁵/, /ŋueŋ⁵⁵/, /hĩã⁵⁵/, /ŋaŋ⁵⁵/
      Note:
      • nguang5 - Shantou, nguêng5 - Chaozhou;
      • hian5/ngang5 - surname.
        • Wu
          • (Shanghai):
            • Wugniu: 6nge; 6yi
            • MiniDict: nge; yi
            • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 3nge; 3hhi
            • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ŋe²³/, /ɦi²³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (31)
Final () (69)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () II
Fanqie
Baxter ngaen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ŋˠan/
Pan
Wuyun
/ŋᵚan/
Shao
Rongfen
/ŋɐn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ŋaɨn/
Li
Rong
/ŋan/
Wang
Li
/ŋan/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ŋan/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
yán
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
ngaan4
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
yán yán
Middle
Chinese
‹ ngæn › ‹ ngæn ›
Old
Chinese
/*C.ŋˁrar/ /*C.ŋˁrar/
English face, forehead surname

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 14405
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ŋraːn/

Definitions

  1. (literary, anatomy) forehead, especially the glabellar area
  2. countenance; facial expression
       róngyán   countenance; looks
    笑逐笑逐   xiàozhúyánkāi   to beam with joy
  3. color; hue
       yán   color
  4. prestige; dignity
       hòuyán   brazen; shameless
  5. a surname
       Yán Zhēnqīng   Yan Zhenqing (Tang dynasty calligrapher)

Synonyms

  • (face):
  • (color): ()

Compounds

  • 不徇顏面不徇颜面
  • 久違顏範久违颜范
  • 五顏六色五颜六色 (wǔyánliùsè)
  • 仙顏仙颜
  • 低顏低颜
  • 低顏下膝低颜下膝
  • 假以顏色假以颜色
  • 分顏分颜
  • 厚顏厚颜 (hòuyán)
  • 厚顏無恥厚颜无耻 (hòuyánwúchǐ)
  • 反顏反颜 (fǎnyán)
  • 和顏和颜
  • 和顏下氣和颜下气
  • 和顏悅色和颜悦色 (héyányuèsè)
  • 喜笑顏開喜笑颜开 (xǐxiàoyánkāi)
  • 喜逐顏開喜逐颜开
  • 天顏天颜
  • 奴顏婢睞奴颜婢睐
  • 奴顏婢膝奴颜婢膝 (núyánbìxī)
  • 奴顏媚骨奴颜媚骨 (núyánmèigǔ)
  • 婢膝奴顏婢膝奴颜
  • 完顏完颜 (Wányán)
  • 容顏容颜 (róngyán)
  • 寄顏無所寄颜无所
  • 察顏觀色察颜观色 (cháyánguānsè)
  • 尊顏尊颜 (zūnyán)
  • 展顏展颜
  • 廣告顏料广告颜料
  • 強顏强颜
  • 強顏歡笑强颜欢笑 (qiǎngyánhuānxiào)
  • 形於顏色形于颜色
  • 怡顏怡颜
  • 怡顏悅色怡颜悦色
  • 愁顏不展愁颜不展
  • 慈顏慈颜
  • 承顏承颜
  • 抗顏抗颜
  • 承顏候色承颜候色
  • 承顏接辭承颜接辞
  • 承顏順旨承颜顺旨
  • 披顏披颜
  • 措顏無地措颜无地
  • 摧顏摧颜
  • 改顏改颜
  • 啟顏启颜
  • 朱顏朱颜 (zhūyán)
  • 朱顏粉面朱颜粉面
  • 朱顏鶴髮朱颜鹤发
  • 歡顏欢颜
  • 正言厲顏正言厉颜
  • 正顏正颜
  • 正顏厲色正颜厉色
  • 毀顏毁颜
  • 汗顏汗颜 (hànyán)
  • 沒顏色没颜色
  • 沒顏落色没颜落色
  • 清顏清颜
  • 無顏无颜 (wúyán)
  • 爨龍顏碑爨龙颜碑
  • 犯顏犯颜 (fànyán)
  • 犯顏苦諫犯颜苦谏
  • 玉顏玉颜
  • 發光顏料发光颜料
  • 白髮朱顏白发朱颜
  • 白髮紅顏白发红颜 (báifǎ hóngyán)
  • 白髮蒼顏白发苍颜
  • 皓首蒼顏皓首苍颜
  • 盛顏盛颜
  • 盜跖顏淵盗跖颜渊
  • 破顏破颜
  • 破顏微笑破颜微笑
  • 碧眼童顏碧眼童颜 (bìyǎntóngyán)
  • 秋顏秋颜
  • 童顏童颜 (tóngyán)
  • 童顏鶴髮童颜鹤发 (tóngyánhèfà)
  • 笑逐顏開笑逐颜开 (xiàozhúyánkāi)
  • 紅顏红颜 (hóngyán)
  • 紅顏命薄红颜命薄
  • 紅顏薄命红颜薄命 (hóngyánbómìng)
  • 給以顏色给以颜色
  • 綠鬢朱顏绿鬓朱颜
  • 芝顏芝颜
  • 花顏月貌花颜月貌
  • 蒼顏苍颜 (cāngyán)
  • 衰顏衰颜
  • 解顏解颜
  • 變顏变颜
  • 赧顏赧颜 (nǎnyán)
  • 赧顏汗下赧颜汗下
  • 還以顏色还以颜色
  • 酡顏酡颜
  • 鈞顏钧颜
  • 錯認顏標错认颜标
  • 開顏开颜
  • 隆顏隆颜
  • 霽顏霁颜
  • 靦顏䩄颜
  • 靦顏事仇䩄颜事仇
  • 靦顏借命䩄颜借命
  • 韶顏稚齒韶颜稚齿
  • 顏如玉颜如玉
  • 顏字颜字
  • 顏料颜料 (yánliào)
  • 顏柳颜柳
  • 顏筋柳骨颜筋柳骨
  • 顏範颜范
  • 顏色颜色
  • 顏苦孔卓颜苦孔卓
  • 顏闔鑿培颜阖凿培
  • 顏面颜面 (yánmiàn)
  • 顏面神經颜面神经 (yánmiàn shénjīng)
  • 顏面角颜面角
  • 顏面骨颜面骨
  • 顏骨柳筋颜骨柳筋
  • 顏體颜体
  • 養顏养颜 (yǎngyán)
  • 養顏有術养颜有术
  • 駐顏驻颜 (zhùyán)
  • 駐顏有術驻颜有术
  • 鶴髮童顏鹤发童颜 (hèfàtóngyán)
  • 龍顏龙颜 (lóngyán)

Japanese

Shinjitai

Kyūjitai

Kanji

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form ) [1]

  1. Kyūjitai form of (face; expression)

Readings

Usage notes

For the character commonly used in modern Japan, see instead.

References

  1. ”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia) (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015–2024

Korean

Hanja

• (an) (hangeul , McCuneReischauer an, Yale an)

  1. face
  2. facial appearance

Miyako

Kanji

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  • Kun: みぱな (mipana, )

Etymology

From (, eye) + (pana, nose).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [mipana]

Noun

(みぱな) (mipana) 

  1. face

Okinawan

Kanji

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Readings

  • Kun: ちら (chira)

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [t͡ɕira]

Noun

(ちら) (chira) 

  1. face

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: nhan

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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