阻止

Chinese

		to hinder; to block; to obstruct	to stop; prohibit; till
simp. and trad. (阻止)		阻	止

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zǔzhǐ

(Zhuyin): ㄗㄨˇ ㄓˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zo² zi²
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chú-chṳ́
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chó͘-chí

(Teochew, Peng'im): zo² zi²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zǔzhǐ [Phonetic: zúzhǐ]
  - Zhuyin: ㄗㄨˇ ㄓˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: zǔjhǐh
  - Wade–Giles: tsu³-chih³
  - Yale: dzǔ-jř
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzuujyy
  - Palladius: цзучжи (czučži)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡su²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zo² zi²
  - Yale: jó jí
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzo² dzi²
  - Guangdong Romanization: zo² ji²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɔː³⁵ t͡siː³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chú-chṳ́
  - Hakka Romanization System: zu` zii`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zu³ zi³
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡su³¹ t͡sɨ³¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chó͘-chí
  - Tâi-lô: tsóo-tsí
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zofcie
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡si⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡si⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡si⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡si⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡si⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: zo² zi²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsó tsí
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡so⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡si⁵²⁻²¹/

Verb

阻止

to stop; to prevent; to convince not to

Synonyms

免除 (miǎnchú)
嚴防／严防 (yánfáng)
戒備／戒备 (jièbèi)
提防
謹防／谨防 (jǐnfáng)
避 (bì) (literary, or in compounds)
避免 (bìmiǎn)
防 (fáng)
防備／防备 (fángbèi)
防止 (fángzhǐ)
防範／防范 (fángfàn)
預備／预备 (yùbèi) (literary)
預防／预防 (yùfáng)

Related terms

勸阻／劝阻 (quànzǔ)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
阻	止
そ Grade: S	し Grade: 2
kan’on	on’yomi

Alternative spelling
沮止

Etymology

Ultimately from Middle Chinese 阻止 (MC tsrjoX|tsrjoH tsyiX). First attested in 1827.[1]

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) そし [sóꜜshì] (Atamadaka – [1])[2]
IPA^(key): [so̞ɕi]

Noun

阻(そ)止(し) • (soshi)

blocking, thwarting, prevent, hindrance, impedance or impediment
Synonym: 阻む (habamu)

Antonyms: (promotion) 推進 (suishin), (assistance) 後押し (atooshi)

Verb

阻(そ)止(し)する • (soshi suru) transitive suru (stem 阻(そ)止(し)し (soshi shi), past 阻(そ)止(し)した (soshi shita))

to block, to thwart, to prevent, to impede, to hinder something
法案(ほうあん)を阻止(そし)する
hōan o soshi suru
to block a bill

水(みず)の不足(ふそく)が都市(とし)の成長(せいちょう)を阻止(そし)する
mizu no fusoku ga toshi no seichō o soshi suru
the lack of water is impeding the growth of the city

進展(しんてん)を阻止(そし)する
shinten o soshi suru
to hinder progress

戦争(せんそう)の勃発(ぼっぱつ)を阻止(そし)する
sensō no boppatsu o soshi suru
to prevent the outbreak of war

Conjugation

Conjugation of "阻止する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	阻止し	そしし	soshi shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	阻止し	そしし	soshi shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	阻止する	そしする	soshi suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	阻止する	そしする	soshi suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	阻止すれ	そしすれ	soshi sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	阻止せよ¹ 阻止しろ²	そしせよ¹ そししろ²	soshi seyo¹ soshi shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	阻止される	そしされる	soshi sareru
Causative	阻止させる阻止さす	そしさせるそしさす	soshi saseru soshi sasu
Potential	阻止できる	そしできる	soshi dekiru
Volitional	阻止しよう	そししよう	soshi shiyō
Negative	阻止しない	そししない	soshi shinai
Negative continuative	阻止せず	そしせず	soshi sezu
Formal	阻止します	そしします	soshi shimasu
Perfective	阻止した	そしした	soshi shita
Conjunctive	阻止して	そしして	soshi shite
Hypothetical conditional	阻止すれば	そしすれば	soshi sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

References

Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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