鐘

See also: 鍾, 钟, and 鈡
鐘 U+9418, 鐘
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9418
← 鐗
[U+9417] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 鐙 →
[U+9419]

Translingual

Han character

鐘 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+12, 20 strokes, cangjie input 金卜廿土 (CYTG), four-corner 80114, composition ⿰釒童)

Derived characters
  • 𢺚

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1323, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40902
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1822, character 18
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4258, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+9418

Chinese
trad. 鐘
simp. 钟*
alternative forms 鍾
銿
鈡／钟

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 鐘
Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (重) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
撞 *rdoːŋ, *rdoːŋs
幢 *rdoːŋ, *rdoːŋs
橦 *rdoːŋ, *doːŋ, *tjoŋ
噇 *rdoːŋ
𩪘 *rdoːŋ
艟 *rdoːŋs, *tʰjoŋ
憧 *rdoːŋs, *tʰjoŋ
畽 *tʰoːnʔ, *tʰuːnʔ
董 *toːŋʔ
蕫 *toːŋʔ, *doːŋ
箽 *toːŋʔ
懂 *toːŋʔ
湩 *toːŋs, *tuːŋʔ, *toŋs
曈 *tʰoːŋ, *tʰoːŋʔ, *doːŋ
童 *doːŋ
僮 *doːŋ
瞳 *doːŋ
罿 *doːŋ, *tʰjoŋ
犝 *doːŋ
潼 *doːŋ, *tʰjoŋ
穜 *doːŋ, *doŋ
動 *doːŋʔ
慟 *doːŋs
堹 *toŋs
諥 *toŋs
蹱 *tʰoŋ, *tʰoŋs, *tjoŋ
重 *doŋ, *doŋʔ, *doŋs
緟 *doŋ, *doŋs
蝩 *doŋ
褈 *doŋ, *tʰjoŋ
鐘 *tjoŋ, *tjoŋ
鍾 *tjoŋ
籦 *tjoŋ
種 *tjoŋʔ, *tjoŋs
腫 *tjoŋʔ
踵 *tjoŋʔ
歱 *tjoŋʔ
喠 *tjoŋʔ, *tʰjoŋʔ
偅 *tjoŋs
衝 *tʰjoŋ
揰 *tʰjoŋs
尰 *djoŋʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjoŋ, *tjoŋ) : semantic 金 + phonetic 童 (OC *doːŋ).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • cheng - vernacular;
  • chiong - literary.
    • Wu
      • (Shanghai):
        • Wugniu: 1tson
        • MiniDict: tson平
        • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 1tson
        • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡soŋ⁵³/
    • Xiang
      • (Changsha)
        • Wiktionary: zhong1
        • Sinological IPA (key) (old-style): /ʈ͡ʂʊŋ³³/
        • Sinological IPA (key) (new-style): /t͡sən³³/
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 鐘
Mandarin Beijing /ʈ͡ʂuŋ⁵⁵/
Harbin /t͡suŋ⁴⁴/
Tianjin /t͡suŋ²¹/
Jinan /ʈ͡ʂuŋ²¹³/
Qingdao /ʈ͡ʂəŋ²¹³/
Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂuŋ²⁴/
Xi'an /p͡fəŋ²¹/
Xining /ʈ͡ʂuə̃⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /ʈ͡ʂuŋ⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /p͡fə̃n³¹/
Ürümqi /ʈ͡ʂuŋ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /t͡soŋ⁵⁵/
Chengdu /t͡soŋ⁵⁵/
Guiyang /t͡soŋ⁵⁵/
Kunming /ʈ͡ʂoŋ⁴⁴/
Nanjing /ʈ͡ʂoŋ³¹/
Hefei /ʈ͡ʂəŋ²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡suəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /t͡suŋ¹³/
Hohhot /t͡sũŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /t͡soŋ⁵³/
Suzhou /t͡soŋ⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡soŋ³³/
Wenzhou /t͡ɕyɔ³³/
Hui Shexian /t͡sʌ̃³¹/
Tunxi /t͡san¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /ʈ͡ʂoŋ³³/
Xiangtan /ʈ͡ʂən³³/
Gan Nanchang /t͡suŋ⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /t͡suŋ⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /tʃuŋ²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡soŋ⁵⁵/
Nanning /t͡suŋ⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /t͡suŋ⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /t͡siɔŋ⁵⁵/
/t͡siŋ⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /t͡syŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /t͡sœyŋ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /t͡seŋ³³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /toŋ²³/
/t͡soŋ²³/
/t͡siaŋ²³/
Rime
Character 鐘
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 章 (23)
Final (韻) 鍾 (7)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 職容切
Baxter tsyowng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /t͡ɕɨoŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /t͡ɕioŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /t͡ɕioŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /cuawŋ/
Li
Rong		 /t͡ɕioŋ/
Wang
Li		 /t͡ɕĭwoŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /t͡ɕi̯woŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 zhōng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 zung1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 鐘
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 zhōng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tsyowng ›
Old
Chinese		 /*toŋ/
English bell

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 鐘 鐘
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 17465 17467
Phonetic
component		 重 重
Rime
group		 東 東
Rime
subdivision		 0 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 鍾 鍾
Old
Chinese		 /*tjoŋ/ /*tjoŋ/

Definitions

鐘

  1. bell (Classifier: 架; 座)
    那個鐘每小時響一次。 [MSC, trad.]
    那个钟每小时响一次。 [MSC, simp.]
    Nà ge zhōng měi xiǎoshí xiǎng yīcì. [Pinyin]
    That bell rings once every hour.
  2. clock (Classifier: 架; 座)
    這個鐘快了，所以我把它校準了。 [MSC, trad.]
    这个钟快了，所以我把它校准了。 [MSC, simp.]
    Zhè ge zhōng kuài le, suǒyǐ wǒ bǎ tā jiàozhǔn le. [Pinyin]
    The clock was fast so I corrected it.
  3. time measured in hours and minutes
    點鐘／点钟  ―  diǎnzhōng  ―  o'clock
    分鐘／分钟  ―  fēnzhōng  ―  minute
    秒鐘／秒钟  ―  miǎozhōng  ―  second
  4. (Cantonese) hour (Classifier: 個／个; 粒; 句)
  5. (Cantonese, in general) time
  6. (Cantonese, colloquial) time, services of prostitutes
  7. (historical) metal ceremonial percussion instrument hung from a rack and struck with a mallet
  8. Alternative form of 鍾／钟 (zhōng, “unit of capacity”)
  9. a surname

Usage notes
  • The surname (鐘／钟 (zhōng)) is different from the surname 鍾／锺 (zhōng).

Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 小時 (“hour (counting)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 小時 ‡, 鐘頭 †, 鐘點
Mandarin Taiwan 小時 ‡, 鐘頭 †
Harbin 鐘頭 †, 鐘點兒 †
Yantai (Muping) 鐘頭 †
Luoyang 鐘頭兒 †, 鐘點兒 †
Wanrong 鐘頭兒 †
Liuzhou 鐘頭 †
Yangzhou 鐘頭子 †
Malaysia 小時 †
Singapore 小時 †, 鐘頭 †
Cantonese Guangzhou 鐘 †, *, 鐘頭 †, 點鐘 ×
Hong Kong 鐘 †, §, 鐘頭 †
Taishan 鐘頭 †
Dongguan 點鐘 ×
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 鐘 †
Penang (Guangfu) 鐘 †
Singapore (Guangfu) 鐘 †
Gan Nanchang 鐘頭 †
Lichuan 鐘頭 †
Hakka Meixian 點鐘 ×
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 點鐘 ×
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 點鐘 ×
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 點鐘 ×
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 點鐘 ×
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 點鐘 ×
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 點鐘 ×
Huizhou Jixi 鐘頭 †
Jin Taiyuan 鐘頭 †
Northern Min Jian'ou 點鐘 ×, 鐘頭
Eastern Min Fuzhou 點鐘 ×
Singapore (Fuqing) 點鐘 ×
Southern Min Xiamen 點鐘 ×
Shishi 點鐘 ×
Tainan 點鐘 ×
Penang (Hokkien) 點鐘 ×
Singapore (Hokkien) 點鐘 ×
Manila (Hokkien) 點鐘 ×
Chaozhou 點鐘 ×
Shantou 點鐘 ×
Shantou (Chenghai) 點鐘 ×
Jieyang 點鐘 ×
Singapore (Teochew) 點鐘 ×
Haikou 鐘頭 †
Singapore (Hainanese) 點鐘 ×
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 鐘 †, 鐘頭 †, 點鐘 ×
Sanxiang 點鐘 ×
Wu Shanghai 鐘頭 †
Danyang 鐘頭 †
Ningbo 鐘頭 †
Note † - requires the classifier 個; ‡ - can be used with or without the classifier 個; § - requires the classifier 粒; * - requires the classifier 句; ¶ - requires the classifier 隻; × - cannot be used with a classifier

Compounds

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (鐘):
  • → Japanese: 鐘(しょう) (shō)
  • → Korean: 종(鐘) (jong)

Others

References

Japanese

Kanji
鐘

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
鐘
かね
Grade: S
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

鐘(かね) • (kane) 

  1. bell

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
鐘
しょう
Grade: S
on’yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

鐘(しょう) • (shō) 

  1. bell
Derived terms

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

Hanja

Wikisource 鐘 (eumhun 쇠북 종 (soebuk jong))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

鐘: Hán Nôm readings: chung, chuông

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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