精研

Chinese

		energy; perfect; excellent energy; perfect; excellent; refined; very; proficient	grind fine; study; research
trad. (精研)		精	研
simp. ^#(精研)		精	研

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jīngyán

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄥㄧㄢˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zing¹ jin⁴
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): cheng-gián

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jīngyán
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄥㄧㄢˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jingyán
  - Wade–Giles: ching¹-yen²
  - Yale: jīng-yán
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jingyan
  - Palladius: цзинъянь (czinʺjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ jɛn³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zing¹ jin⁴
  - Yale: jīng yìhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzing¹ jin⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: jing¹ yin⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ jiːn²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cheng-gián
  - Tâi-lô: tsing-gián
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zenggiern
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ɡiɛn⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɪŋ³³ ɡiɛn⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ɡiɛn⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡiɛn⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡiɛn⁴¹/

Verb

精研

(formal) to study carefully

Synonyms

探討／探讨 (tàntǎo)
摳／抠 (kōu)
查考 (chákǎo)
研修 (yánxiū)
研究 (yánjiū)
研習／研习 (yánxí)
研討／研讨 (yántǎo)
細究／细究 (xìjiū)
考究
調查／调查 (diàochá)
鑽／钻
鑽研／钻研 (zuānyán)

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