碰

碰 U+78B0, 碰
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-78B0
← 碯
[U+78AF] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 碱 →
[U+78B1]

Translingual

Han character

碰 (Kangxi radical 112, 石+8, 13 strokes, cangjie input 一口廿廿金 (MRTTC), four-corner 18612, composition ⿰石並)

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 832, character 21
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24360
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2440, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+78B0

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 碰
alternative forms 掽
踫
磅 (pōng) Hokkien

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 石 (“rock”) + phonetic 並.

Etymology

Appears in Zihui [Ming dynasty] as 掽, but only attested in literary works since Qing dynasty. Probably a recent colloquial form of 逢 (MC bjowng) (Wang, 1982; Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Note: phóng - used only in mahjong.
  • Wu
    • (Shanghai):
      • Wugniu: 6ban
      • MiniDict: ban去
      • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 3ban
      • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /bã²³/
  • Xiang
    • (Changsha)
      • Wiktionary: pong4
      • Sinological IPA (key) (old-style): /pʰʊŋ⁴⁵/
      • Sinological IPA (key) (new-style): /pʰən⁴⁵/

Definitions

碰

  1. to collide; to bump; to knock; to touch
  2. to meet by chance; to bump into; to come across
  3. to test out; to try one's luck
  4. to offend; to provoke
  5. (mahjong) to form a pung

Usage notes
  • When playing mahjong, a player may say this word as a call when forming a pung off another player's discard

Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 遇 (“to encounter”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 遇, 碰, 遭
Mandarin Taiwan 遇, 碰
Malaysia 遇, 碰
Singapore 遇, 碰
Cantonese Guangzhou 遇, 撞
Hong Kong 遇, 撞
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 遇, 撞
Singapore (Guangfu) 遇
Hakka Meixian 遇, 撞
Southern Min Xiamen 拄, 撞, 衝, 磅
Quanzhou 拄, 撞, 衝
Zhangzhou 拄, 衝
Tainan 拄, 撞, 磅
Penang (Hokkien) 拄
Singapore (Hokkien) 拄
Manila (Hokkien) 拄, 遇
Chaozhou 遇, 堵
Shantou 遇
Jieyang 遇, 堵
Singapore (Teochew) 堵
Wu Shanghai 碰

Descendants
  • → Japanese: 碰(ポン) (pon)
  • → Tagalog: pong

Compounds
  • 冒碰
  • 剃頭的碰到禿子／剃头的碰到秃子
  • 吃碰
  • 啱啱碰著剛剛／啱啱碰着刚刚
  • 四處碰壁／四处碰壁
  • 心急碰上熱豆腐／心急碰上热豆腐
  • 拿雞蛋往石頭上碰／拿鸡蛋往石头上碰
  • 東碰西撞／东碰西撞
  • 混碰
  • 狗碰
  • 狗碰頭／狗碰头
  • 相碰
  • 瞎碰
  • 瞎貓碰上死耗子／瞎猫碰上死耗子 (xiāmāo pèngshàng sǐhàozi)
  • 瞎貓碰到死老鼠／瞎猫碰到死老鼠
  • 硬碰硬 (yìngpèngyìng)
  • 碰一鼻子灰
  • 碰上 (pèngshàng)
  • 碰了
  • 碰傷／碰伤
  • 碰到 (pèngdào)
  • 碰勁／碰劲
  • 碰命
  • 碰和
  • 碰啱
  • 碰埋頭／碰埋头
  • 碰壁 (pèngbì)
  • 碰壺／碰壶
  • 碰巧 (pèngqiǎo)
  • 碰彩
  • 碰手
  • 碰撞 (pèngzhuàng)
  • 碰擊／碰击
  • 碰杯 (pèngbēi)
  • 碰櫃酒／碰柜酒
  • 碰湖
  • 碰牌
  • 碰球
  • 碰瓷 (pèngcí)
  • 碰破頭／碰破头
  • 碰硬
  • 碰碰和 (pèngpènghú)
  • 碰碰胡 (pèngpènghú)
  • 碰碰船
  • 碰碰車／碰碰车 (pèngpèngchē)
  • 碰磕
  • 碰股
  • 碰著／碰着
  • 碰蛋
  • 碰見／碰见 (pèngjiàn)
  • 碰觸／碰触 (pèngchù)
  • 碰軟釘子／碰软钉子
  • 碰運氣／碰运气 (pèng yùnqi)
  • 碰釘／碰钉
  • 碰釘子／碰钉子 (pèngdīngzi)
  • 碰鈴／碰铃 (pènglíng)
  • 碰鐘／碰钟 (pèngzhōng)
  • 碰面 (pèngmiàn)
  • 碰響／碰响
  • 碰頭／碰头 (pèngtóu)
  • 碰頭好兒／碰头好儿
  • 碰頭會／碰头会
  • 碰頭禮／碰头礼
  • 碰鼻
  • 碟大碗小磕著碰著／碟大碗小磕着碰着
  • 磕碰 (kēpèng)
  • 磕碰兒／磕碰儿
  • 磕頭碰腦／磕头碰脑
  • 腳碰腳／脚碰脚
  • 處處碰壁／处处碰壁
  • 衝碰／冲碰
  • 觸碰／触碰 (chùpèng)
  • 跌來碰去／跌来碰去
  • 踢踢碰碰
  • 雞蛋碰石頭／鸡蛋碰石头
  • 頂碰／顶碰
  • 頭頭碰著黑／头头碰着黑

Japanese

Kanji
碰

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. collide, bump into

Readings

Etymology
Kanji in this term
碰
ポン
Hyōgaiji
irregular

Borrowed from Mandarin 碰 (pèng).[1][2][3]

Compare Cantonese 碰 (pung3), Hokkien 碰 (phòng).

Pronunciation

Noun

碰(ポン) • (pon) 

  1. (mahjong) a call for a 明刻 (minkō, “open triplet”) from a discarded tile, compare English pung

Coordinate terms

Derived terms
  • 双(シャン)碰(ポン) (shanpon): two-sided wait pattern, winning tile may form a triplet with one or the other pair

See also

References
  1. Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  3. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Vietnamese

Han character

碰: Hán Nôm readings: bánh, bính

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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