生命

Chinese
 
to be born; to give birth; life
to be born; to give birth; life; to grow; student; raw
 life; fate
simp. and trad.
(生命)		 生 命

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 生 命
Reading # 1/2 1/1
Initial (聲) 生 (21) 明 (4)
Final (韻) 庚 (109) 庚 (111)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) II III
Fanqie 所庚切 眉病切
Baxter sraeng mjaengH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ʃˠæŋ/ /mˠiæŋH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʃᵚaŋ/ /mᵚiaŋH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ʃaŋ/ /miaŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʂaɨjŋ/ /miajŋH/
Li
Rong		 /ʃɐŋ/ /miɐŋH/
Wang
Li		 /ʃɐŋ/ /mĭɐŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʂɐŋ/ /mi̯ɐŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 shēng mìng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 sang1 ming6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 生 命
Reading # 1/3 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 shēng mìng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ sræng › ‹ mjængH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*sreŋ/ (MC srj- > sr-; or *s.reŋ ?) /*m-riŋ-s/ (dialect: *m-r- > *mr-, *-iŋ> *-eŋ)
English bear, be born; live command (n.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 生 命
Reading # 1/2 1/1
No. 11312 8275
Phonetic
component		 生 令
Rime
group		 耕 耕
Rime
subdivision		 0 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 生 命
Old
Chinese		 /*sʰleːŋ/ /*mreŋs/
Notes 令轉註字

Noun

生命

  1. (countable, uncountable) life (characteristic of living beings, state of being alive) (Classifier: 個／个 m c; 條／条 m c)
    生命寶貴／生命宝贵  ―  shēngmìng bǎoguì  ―  life is precious
    浪費生命／浪费生命  ―  làngfèi shēngmìng  ―  to waste one's life
    外星生命  ―  wàixīng shēngmìng  ―  extraterrestrial life
    生命的意義／生命的意义  ―  shēngmìng de yìyì  ―  the meaning of life
    危及到某人的生命 [MSC, trad. and simp.]
    wēijí dào mǒurén de shēngmìng [Pinyin]
    to endanger someone's life
    珍惜生命，拒絕毒品。 [MSC, trad.]
    珍惜生命，拒绝毒品。 [MSC, simp.]
    Zhēnxī shēngmìng, jùjué dúpǐn. [Pinyin]
    Cherish life, say no to drugs.
    死亡不是生命的終點，遺忘才是。 [MSC, trad.]
    死亡不是生命的终点，遗忘才是。 [MSC, simp.]
    Sǐwáng bù shì shēngmìng de zhōngdiǎn, yíwàng cái shì. [Pinyin]
    Death is not the end of life; forgetting is.
  2. living being; creature
    可愛的小生命／可爱的小生命  ―  kě'ài de xiǎo shēngmìng  ―  cute little creature
  3. (figuratively) timespan (of an activity); career
    政治生命  ―  zhèngzhì shēngmìng  ―  political career

Synonyms

Derived terms

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (生命):

See also

Japanese
Kanji in this term
生 命
せい
Grade: 1		 めい
Grade: 3
on’yomi

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) せ​ーめー [séꜜèmèè] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
  • IPA(key): [se̞ːme̞ː]

Noun

生(せい)命(めい) • (seimei) 

  1. life; one's existence

Usage notes

生命 is distinct from several other Japanese words that may also be translated to English as "life". In particular, it means "biological life in general, particularly in scientific contexts". Compare the terms below, which may also be rendered as "life" in English:

  • 生活 (seikatsu, “life”): Day-to-day life as it is experienced; lifestyle; one's usual activities, habits, and routines.
  • 生存 (seizon, “life”): Action involved in staying alive, as in "signs of life".
  • 命 (inochi, “life”): The state of being alive, an animating force, or life as a whole (from birth to death).
  • 存在 (sonzai, “life”): Being; either the state of existing or a thing that exists.
  • 人生 (jinsei, “life”): A person's narrative, experience, and/or accomplishments from birth to death.
  • 寿命 (jumyō, “life”): Lifespan or life expectancy.
  • 残機 (zanki, “life”): A video-game life; a chance to play.
  • 元気 (genki, “life”): Liveliness.

See also
  • Appendix:Gikun_Usage_in_Meiji_Version_of_Japanese_Bible/生命 (Appendix:Gikun_Usage_in_Meiji_Version_of_Japanese_Bible/生命)

References
  1. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

Korean
Hanja in this term
生命

Noun

生命 • (saengmyeong) (hangeul 생명)

  1. Hanja form? of 생명 (“life”).

Vietnamese
chữ Hán Nôm in this term
生命

Noun

生命

  1. chữ Hán form of sinh mệnh (“life”).
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