烏梅

See also: 乌梅

Chinese

		a crow; black; not a crow; black; not; empty; void	plum flower
trad. (烏梅)		烏	梅
simp. (乌梅)		乌	梅

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): wūméi

(Zhuyin): ㄨㄇㄟˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): wu¹ mui⁴
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): o͘-môe / o͘-m̂ / o͘-mûi

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wūméi
  - Zhuyin: ㄨㄇㄟˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wuméi
  - Wade–Giles: wu¹-mei²
  - Yale: wū-méi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: umei
  - Palladius: умэй (umɛj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /u⁵⁵ meɪ̯³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: wu¹ mui⁴
  - Yale: wū mùih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wu¹ mui⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: wu¹ mui⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wuː⁵⁵ muːi̯²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: o͘-môe
  - Tâi-lô: oo-muê
  - Phofsit Daibuun: omoee
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ muẽ²³/
- (Hokkien: Taipei)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: o͘-m̂
  - Tâi-lô: oo-m̂
  - Phofsit Daibuun: o'mm
  - IPA (Taipei): /ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ m̩²⁴/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: o͘-mûi
  - Tâi-lô: oo-muî
  - Phofsit Daibuun: omuii
  - IPA (Taipei): /ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ muĩ²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ muĩ²³/

Middle Chinese: 'u mwoj

Rime
Character	烏	梅
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	模 (23)	灰 (42)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	哀都切	莫杯切
Baxter	'u	mwoj
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔuo/	/muʌi/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔuo/	/muoi/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔo/	/muɒi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔɔ/	/mwəj/
Li Rong	/ʔo/	/muᴀi/
Wang Li	/u/	/muɒi/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔuo/	/muɑ̆i/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wū	méi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wu¹	mui⁴

Noun

烏梅

(traditional Chinese medicine) smoked ume; dark plum

Synonyms

酸梅 (suānméi)

Derived terms

烏梅仔酒／乌梅仔酒
烏梅酒／乌梅酒

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (烏梅):

→ Japanese: 烏梅(うばい) (ubai)
→ Vietnamese: ô mai (烏梅)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
烏	梅
う Jinmeiyō	ばい Grade: 4

Alternative spelling
烏梅 (kyūjitai)

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 烏梅 (MC 'u mwoj, literally “crow + plum”). The 烏 (“crow”) character here is used for its metaphoric meaning of black.[1]

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) うばい [ùbáí] (Heiban – [0])[2]
(Tokyo) うばい [úꜜbàì] (Atamadaka – [1])[2]
IPA^(key): [ɯ̟ᵝba̠i]

Noun

烏(う)梅(ばい) • (ubai)

(medicine) an unripe Japanese ume that has been smoked over a fire until black, used as a pigment and in traditional medicines to treat inflammation of the throat

Synonyms

燻(ふすべ)梅(うめ) (fusube ume)
梅(うめ)干(ぼ)し (umeboshi), 梅(うめ)干(ぼし) (umeboshi) (used less commonly for this sense)

References

Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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