愚人

Chinese

		stupid	man; person; people
trad. (愚人)		愚	人
simp. ^#(愚人)		愚	人

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yúrén

(Zhuyin): ㄩˊ ㄖㄣˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jyu⁴ jan⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yúrén
  - Zhuyin: ㄩˊ ㄖㄣˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yúrén
  - Wade–Giles: yü²-jên²
  - Yale: yú-rén
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuren
  - Palladius: юйжэнь (jujžɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /y³⁵ ʐən³⁵/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    愚人
    漁人／渔人
    餘人／余人
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: jyu⁴ jan⁴
  - Yale: yùh yàhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jy⁴ jan⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: yu⁴ yen⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jyː²¹ jɐn²¹/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    愚人
    漁人／渔人

Middle Chinese: ngju nyin

Rime
Character	愚	人
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	虞 (24)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	虞俱切	如鄰切
Baxter	ngju	nyin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋɨo/	/ȵiɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋio/	/ȵin/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋio/	/ȵʑjen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋuə̆/	/ȵin/
Li Rong	/ŋio/	/ȵiĕn/
Wang Li	/ŋĭu/	/ȵʑĭĕn/
Bernard Karlgren	/ŋi̯u/	/ȵʑi̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yú	rén
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jyu⁴	jan⁴

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*ŋo njin/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	人
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	rén
Middle Chinese	‹ nyin ›
Old Chinese	/*ni[ŋ]/
English	(other) person
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	愚	人
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	15919	10800
Phonetic component	禺	人
Rime group	侯	眞
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime		仁
Old Chinese	/*ŋo/	/*njin/

Noun

愚人

(literary) stupid person; fool; simpleton
- 尤二姐滴淚說道：「你們拿我作愚人待，什么事我不知。」 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
  尤二姐滴泪说道：「你们拿我作愚人待，什么事我不知。」 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]
  From: Cao Xueqin, Dream of the Red Chamber, mid-18^th century CE
  Yóu Èrjiě dīlèi shuōdào: “Nǐmen ná wǒ zuò yúrén dài, shénme shì wǒ bù zhī.” [Pinyin]
  Second Sister You said with tears dripping, “You treat me like a fool. Whatever it is, I do not know.”
- 鴻雁于飛，哀鳴嗷嗷。維此哲人，謂我劬勞。維彼愚人，謂我宣驕。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
  鸿雁于飞，哀鸣嗷嗷。维此哲人，谓我劬劳。维彼愚人，谓我宣骄。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Hóngyàn yú fēi, āimíng áo'áo. Wéi cǐ zhérén, wèi wǒ qúláo. Wéi bǐ yúrén, wèi wǒ xuānjiāo. [Pinyin]
  The wild geese are flying about,
  And melancholy is their cry of ao-ao.
  There were they, wise men,
  who recognized our pain and toil;
  If they had been stupid men,
  They would have said we were proclaiming our insolence.
(tarot) the Fool

Synonyms

人頭豬腦／人头猪脑 (réntóuzhūnǎo) (chiefly Cantonese)
低能兒／低能儿 (dīnéng'ér)
侗戇／侗戆 (Hokkien)
傻子 (shǎzi)
傻瓜 (shǎguā)
呆子 (dāizi)
呆瓜 (dāiguā)
哈卵 (ha³ lonn³) (Xiang, Southwestern Mandarin, vulgar)
哚哥 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
壋將／垱将 (Hokkien)
大戇呆／大戆呆 (Hokkien)
大戇牯／大戆牯 (Hakka)
大番薯 (Hakka)
戇人／戆人 (Hakka, Hokkien, Wu)
戇呆／戆呆 (Hokkien)
戇囝／戆囝 (Hokkien, Teochew)
戇大呆／戆大呆 (Hokkien)
戇大豬／戆大猪 (Hokkien)
戇猴／戆猴 (Hokkien)
戇鳩／戆鸠 (ngong⁶ gau¹) (Cantonese)
白痴 (báichī)
笨人 (bènrén)
笨蛋 (bèndàn)
笨貨／笨货 (bènhuò)
老襯／老衬 (lou⁵ can³) (Cantonese)
蠢人 (chǔnrén)
蠢材 (chǔncái)
蠢蛋
豆渣腦殼／豆渣脑壳 (dou⁴ za¹ nao³ ko²) (Sichuanese)
錘哥／锤哥 (Hokkien)
闇雞／𬮴鸡 (Hokkien)
鵝牯／鹅牯 (Hakka)

Derived terms

愚人節／愚人节 (Yúrénjié)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
愚	人
ぐ Grade: S	じん Grade: 1
on’yomi	kan’on

Kanji in this term
愚	人
ぐ Grade: S	にん Grade: 1
on’yomi	goon

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ぐじん [gùjíń] (Heiban – [0])[1][2]
(Tokyo) ぐじん [gúꜜjìǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
IPA^(key): [ɡɯ̟ᵝʑĩɴ]

(Tokyo) ぐにん [gùníń] (Heiban – [0])[2]
IPA^(key): [ɡɯ̟ᵝɲ̟ĩɴ]

Noun

愚(ぐ)人(じん) or 愚(ぐ)人(にん) • (gujin or gunin)

idiot
Synonyms: 愚か者 (orokamono), 愚者 (gusha)

Idioms

愚(ぐ)人(にん)は夏(なつ)の虫(むし) (gunin wa natsu no mushi)

References

Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
愚	人

Noun

愚人 • (u'in) (hangeul 우인)

Hanja form^? of 우인 (“idiot”).

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