意志

Chinese
 
idea; meaning; wish
idea; meaning; wish; desire; Italy (abbrev.)
 the will
simp. and trad.
(意志)		 意 志
alternative forms 毅志
anagram 志意

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 意 志
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 影 (34) 章 (23)
Final (韻) 之 (19) 之 (19)
Tone (調) Departing (H) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 於記切 職吏切
Baxter 'iH tsyiH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ʔɨH/ /t͡ɕɨH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʔɨH/ /t͡ɕɨH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ʔieH/ /t͡ɕieH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʔɨH/ /cɨH/
Li
Rong		 /ʔiəH/ /t͡ɕiəH/
Wang
Li		 /ĭəH/ /t͡ɕĭəH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʔiH/ /t͡ɕiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yì zhì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 ji3 zi3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 意 志
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 yì zhì
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ ʔiH › ‹ tsyiH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*ʔ(r)ək-s/ /*tə-s/
English thought (n.) goal, intention, aspiration

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 意 志
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 15153 17190
Phonetic
component		 意 之
Rime
group		 代 之
Rime
subdivision		 0 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 意 志
Old
Chinese		 /*qɯɡs/ /*tjɯs/
Notes 說文之聲

Noun

意志

  1. will; determination; volition; intent
    堅強意志／坚强意志  ―  jiānqiáng yìzhì  ―  strong will
    政府意志  ―  zhèngfǔ yìzhì  ―  government will

Synonyms

Derived terms

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (意志):
  • → Japanese: 意志(いし) (ishi)
  • → Korean: 의지(意志) (uiji)
  • → Vietnamese: ý chí (意志)

See also

Japanese
Kanji in this term
意 志
い
Grade: 3		 し
Grade: 5
on’yomi

Etymology

Coined by Japanese politician Nishi Amane as a translation of English will,[1] and became established by being included in the 哲学字彙 (Tetsugaku Jii, “Dictionary of Philosophy”) by Inoue Tetsujirō.[1][2][3]

Pronunciation

Noun

意(い)志(し) • (ishi) 

  1. will (intention or decision)
    • 2016 July 22, “過(か)去(こ)との取(と)り組(く)み [Grappling with the Past]”, in 異界月 [Eldritch Moon], Wizards of the Coast:
      エムラクールは願(ねが)いを叶(かな)えたりしない。ただ、人(ひと)々(びと)の望(のぞ)みがエムラクールの意(い)志(し)に沿(そ)ったものになるのだ。
      Emurakūru wa negai o kanae tari shinai. Tada, hitobito no nozomi ga Emurakūru no ishi ni sotta mono ni naru no da.
      Emrakul does not grant wishes. Human desires simply align to her will.

Derived terms
  • 意(い)志(し)的(てき) (ishiteki)
  • 意(い)志(し)薄(はく)弱(じゃく) (ishi hakujaku)
  • 一(いっ)般(ぱん)意(い)志(し) (ippan ishi)
  • 権(けん)力(りょく)意(い)志(し) (kenryoku ishi)
  • 自(じ)由(ゆう)意(い)志(し) (jiyū ishi)
  • 集(しゅう)合(ごう)意(い)志(し) (shūgō ishi)

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. “意志”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
  3. Inoue, Tetsujirō (1881) 哲学字彙 [Dictionary of Philosophy]‎, University of Tokyo, page 99
  4. Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  5. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

Korean
Hanja in this term
意志

Noun

意志 • (uiji) (hangeul 의지)

  1. Hanja form? of 의지 (“determination”).

Vietnamese
chữ Hán Nôm in this term
意志

Noun

意志

  1. chữ Hán form of ý chí (“willpower”).
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