循

循	U+5FAA, 循 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5FAA

← 復
[U+5FA9]

CJK Unified Ideographs

徫 →
[U+5FAB]

Translingual

Han character

循 (Kangxi radical 60, 彳+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 竹人竹十山 (HOHJU), four-corner 2226₄, composition ⿰彳盾)

Derived characters

㵌, 𣛝, 𦅑, 𧝩

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 369, character 28
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10187
Dae Jaweon: page 696, character 2
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 835, character 4
Unihan data for U+5FAA

Chinese

trad.		循
simp. ^#		循

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (盾) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
盾	l'uːnʔ, ɦljunʔ
遁	l'uːnʔ, l'uːns
循	*ljun
揗	ljun, ɦljunʔ, *ɦljuns
楯	ljun, l̥ʰun, *ɦljunʔ
輴	*l̥ʰun
腯	*l'uːd
鍎	*l'uːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ljun) : semantic 彳 (“movement”) + phonetic 盾 (OC *l'uːnʔ, *ɦljunʔ) – to follow (movement).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xún (xun²)

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄣˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ceon⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sùn
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): sûn

(Teochew, Peng'im): sung⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xún
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄣˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: syún
  - Wade–Giles: hsün²
  - Yale: syún
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyun
  - Palladius: сюнь (sjunʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕyn³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ceon⁴
  - Yale: chèuhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsoen⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: cên⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɵn²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sùn
  - Hakka Romanization System: sunˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: sun²
  - Sinological IPA: /sun¹¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sûn
  - Tâi-lô: sûn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: suun
  - IPA (Xiamen): /sun²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sun²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /sun¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /sun²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /sun²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: sung⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sûng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /suŋ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: zwin

Rime
Character	循
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	邪 (17)
Final (韻)	諄 (47)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	詳遵切
Baxter	zwin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ziuɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/zʷin/
Shao Rongfen	/zjuen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/zwin/
Li Rong	/ziuĕn/
Wang Li	/zĭuĕn/
Bernard Karlgren	/zi̯uĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xún
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ceon⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*sə.lu[n]/

(Zhengzhang): /*ljun/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	循
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xún
Middle Chinese	‹ zwin ›
Old Chinese	/*sə.lu[n]/
English	follow
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	循
Reading #	1/1
No.	2626
Phonetic component	盾
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	旬
Old Chinese	/*ljun/

Definitions

循

to obey; to comply with; to follow
循著老師的指示 [MSC, trad.]
循着老师的指示 [MSC, simp.]
xúnzhe lǎoshī de zhǐshì [Pinyin]
following the teacher's instructions

Compounds

依循 (yīxún)
侵蝕循環／侵蚀循环
單循環賽／单循环赛
因循 (yīnxún)
因循坐誤／因循坐误
因循守舊／因循守旧 (yīnxúnshǒujiù)
因循苟且 (yīnxúngǒuqiě)
大循環／大循环
天理循環／天理循环
天道循環／天道循环
小循環／小循环
岩石循環／岩石循环
循例 (xúnlì)
循俗
循分
循吏 (xúnlì)
循名校實／循名校实
循名督實／循名督实
循名考實／循名考实
循名課實／循名课实
循名責實／循名责实 (xúnmíngzéshí)
循尚
循常
循常習故／循常习故
循序 (xúnxù)
循序漸進／循序渐进 (xúnxùjiànjìn)
循循善誘／循循善诱 (xúnxúnshànyòu)
循循誘人／循循诱人
循次而進／循次而进
循流
循理
循環／循环 (xúnhuán)
循環不息／循环不息 (xúnhuánbùxī)
循環制／循环制
循環反覆／循环反覆
循環小數／循环小数 (xúnhuán xiǎoshù)
循環系統／循环系统 (xúnhuán xìtǒng)
循環論證／循环论证 (xúnhuán lùnzhèng)
循環賽／循环赛
循線／循线
循聲附會／循声附会
循良
循衣摸床
循規蹈矩／循规蹈矩 (xúnguīdǎojǔ)
循道宗 (súndàozōng)
循陔
循階／循阶
循默
徼循
惡性循環／恶性循环 (èxìng xúnhuán)
拊循
持循
景氣循環／景气循环 (jǐngqì xúnhuán)
氮循環／氮循环 (dànxúnhuán)
水氣循環／水气循环
碳循環／碳循环 (tànxúnhuán)
肺循環／肺循环 (fèixúnhuán)
血循環／血循环 (xuèxúnhuán)
血液循環／血液循环
責實循名／责实循名
蹈矩循規／蹈矩循规
蹈規循矩／蹈规循矩
蹲循
遵循 (zūnxún)
體循環／体循环 (tǐxúnhuán)

Japanese

Kanji

循

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

sequential

Readings

Go-on: じゅん (jun, Jōyō)
Kan-on: しゅん (shun)
Kun: したがう (shitagau, 循う)

Korean

Hanja

循 • (sun) (hangeul 순)

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Vietnamese

Han character

循: Hán Nôm readings: tuần

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