惡性循環

See also: 恶性循环

Chinese

		bad; viciousness; wickedness bad; viciousness; wickedness; bad; vicious; wicked	to cycle; to circulate; to recur to cycle; to circulate; to recur; to circulate
trad. (惡性循環)		惡性	循環
simp. (恶性循环)		恶性	循环

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): èxìng xúnhuán

(Zhuyin): ㄜˋ ㄒㄧㄥˋ ㄒㄩㄣˊ ㄏㄨㄢˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ok³ sing³ ceon⁴ waan⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: èxìng xúnhuán
  - Zhuyin: ㄜˋ ㄒㄧㄥˋ ㄒㄩㄣˊ ㄏㄨㄢˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: èsìng syúnhuán
  - Wade–Giles: o⁴-hsing⁴ hsün²-huan²
  - Yale: è-syìng syún-hwán
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ehshinq shyunhwan
  - Palladius: эсин сюньхуань (esin sjunʹxuanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕiŋ⁵¹ ɕyn³⁵ xu̯än³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ok³ sing³ ceon⁴ waan⁴
  - Yale: ok sing chèuhn wàahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ok⁸ sing³ tsoen⁴ waan⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: og³ xing³ cên⁴ wan⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɔːk̚³ sɪŋ³³ t͡sʰɵn²¹ waːn²¹/

Noun

惡性循環

vicious cycle

Antonyms

良性循環／良性循环 (liángxìng xúnhuán)

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