壩

See also: 坝

壩	U+58E9, 壩 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-58E9

← 壨
[U+58E8]

CJK Unified Ideographs

壪 →
[U+58EA]

Translingual

Han character

壩 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+21, 24 strokes, cangjie input 土一月月 (GMBB), four-corner 4112₇, composition ⿰土霸)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 242, character 33

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5630

Dae Jaweon: page 482, character 31

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 502, character 25

Unihan data for U+58E9

Chinese

trad.		壩
simp.		坝^*
alternative forms		垻

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (霸) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
壩	*praːɡs
霸	*praːɡs
灞	*praːɡs
欛	*praːɡs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *praːɡs) : semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 霸 (OC *praːɡs).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): bà (ba⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄅㄚˋ

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): бэ (be, II)
Cantonese (Jyutping): baa³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): pa
Eastern Min (BUC): bá
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): pà / pèr / pè

(Teochew, Peng'im): ba³
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁵po
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ba⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: bà
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄚˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: bà
  - Wade–Giles: pa⁴
  - Yale: bà
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bah
  - Palladius: ба (ba)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pä⁵¹/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: бэ (be, II)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɛ⁵¹/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: baa³
  - Yale: ba
  - Cantonese Pinyin: baa³
  - Guangdong Romanization: ba³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /paː³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pa
  - Hakka Romanization System: ba
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ba⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /pa⁵⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: bá
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɑ²¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pà
  - Tâi-lô: pà
  - Phofsit Daibuun: pax
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /pa⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /pa²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /pa¹¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pèr
  - Tâi-lô: pèr
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /pə⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pè
  - Tâi-lô: pè
  - Phofsit Daibuun: pex
  - IPA (Taipei): /pe¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /pe²¹/

Note:

pà - literary;
pèr/pè - vernacular.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ba³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pà
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pa²¹³/
Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ⁵po
  - MiniDict: po^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²po
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /po³⁴/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: ba⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pa̠⁴⁵/

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*praːɡs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	壩
Reading #	1/1
No.	180
Phonetic component	霸
Rime group	暮
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	霸
Old Chinese	/*praːɡs/

Definitions

壩

dam; embankment; dike
Alternative form of 垻／坝 (“plain; beach”)
beach (sandy, on a river, lake or coast, used chiefly in place names)

Synonyms

(dam): 壩子／坝子 (bàzi)
(beach): 沙灘／沙滩 (shātān)

Compounds

丁壩／丁坝
上壩／上坝 (Shàngbà)
作壩／作坝
六壩／六坝 (Liùbà)
南壩／南坝 (Nánbà)
坑壩／坑坝
坪壩／坪坝 (píngbà)
堤壩／堤坝 (dībà)
壩址／坝址
壩基／坝基
壩子／坝子 (bàzi)
壩工／坝工
壩田／坝田 (bàtián)
壩臺／坝台
攔沙壩／拦沙坝
攔河壩／拦河坝
攔洪壩／拦洪坝
水壩／水坝 (shuǐbà)
沙壩／沙坝 (Shābà)
河壩／河坝 (hébà)
連拱壩／连拱坝
重力壩／重力坝

Japanese

Kanji

壩

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

On (unclassified): は (ha); へ (he)
Kun: るせき (ruseki)

Korean

Hanja

壩 • (pae) (hangeul 패, revised pa, McCune–Reischauer p'ae)

Vietnamese

Han character

壩: Hán Nôm readings: bá

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation

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