See also: , , , and
U+5426, 否
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5426

[U+5425]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5427]

Translingual

Stroke order
7 strokes

Han character

(Kangxi radical 30, +4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 一火口 (MFR), four-corner 10609, composition )

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 178, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3340
  • Dae Jaweon: page 395, character 11
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 586, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+5426

Chinese

simp. and trad.
alternative forms “no; not”
𠲎 Northern Wu
𠳝 Northern Wu

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *brɯʔ, *pɯʔ) : phonetic (OC *pɯ, *pɯʔ, *pɯ', not) + semantic (mouth).

Etymology 1

See etymology of .

Pronunciation



  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /fou²¹⁴/
Harbin /fau²¹³/
/fou²¹³/
Tianjin /fou¹³/
Jinan /fɔ⁵⁵/
Qingdao /fɔ⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /fu⁵³/
Xi'an /fu⁵³/
Xining /fv̩⁵³/
Yinchuan /fu⁵³/
Lanzhou /fu⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /fu⁵¹/
Wuhan /fəu⁴²/
Chengdu /fo⁵³/
/fəu⁵³/
Guiyang /fu⁴²/
Kunming /fəu⁵³/
Nanjing /fəi²¹²/
Hefei /fʊ²⁴/
Jin Taiyuan /fu⁵³/
Pingyao
Hohhot /fu⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /fɤ³⁵/
Suzhou /fɤ⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /fei⁵³/
Wenzhou /fɜ³⁵/
Hui Shexian /fo³⁵/
Tunxi /fo³¹/
Xiang Changsha /xəu⁴¹/
Xiangtan /ɸəɯ⁴²/
Gan Nanchang /fɛu²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /feu³¹/
Taoyuan /feu¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /fɐu³⁵/
Nanning /fɐu³⁵/
Hong Kong /fɐu³⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /hɔ⁵³/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /pʰeu³²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /pʰe²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /hõu⁵³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /fɔu²¹³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 2/2
Initial () (1)
Final () (136)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter pjuwX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/pɨuX/
Pan
Wuyun
/piuX/
Shao
Rongfen
/piəuX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/puwX/
Li
Rong
/piuX/
Wang
Li
/pĭəuX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/pi̯ə̯uX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
fǒu
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
fau2
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
fǒu
Middle
Chinese
‹ pjuwX ›
Old
Chinese
/*pəʔ/
English not

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/2
No. 1028
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*pɯʔ/

Definitions

  1. nay; no; negative
  2. not
  3. final interrogative particle
Usage notes

(fǒu) is the form taken by () when the verb which it negates is omitted (Pulleyblank, 1995, p. 104).

Compounds

Pronunciation


Note:
  • phí - literary;
  • pháiⁿ/phái - vernacular (usually written as ).
    Note:
    • pi2 - literary;
    • pai2 - vernacular (usually written as ).
      • Wu
        • (Shanghai):
          • Wugniu: 5phi
          • MiniDict: phi
          • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 2phi
          • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /pʰi³⁴/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2
Initial () (3)
Final () (17)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter bijX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/bˠiɪX/
Pan
Wuyun
/bᵚiX/
Shao
Rongfen
/biɪX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/bjiX/
Li
Rong
/bjiX/
Wang
Li
/biX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/bʱiX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
bei6
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2
No. 1022
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*brɯʔ/

Definitions

  1. to block; to obstruct
  2. to denounce; to censure
  3. to become extinct
  4. poverty-stricken; poor
  5. evil; vile
  6. Alternative form of (, superficial; shallow)
  7. Alternative form of (, lump in the abdomen)
  8. 12th hexagram of the I Ching

Compounds

  • 否剝否剥
  • 否去泰來否去泰来
  • 否往泰來否往泰来
  • 否德 (pǐdé)
  • 否極必泰否极必泰
  • 否極泰來否极泰来 (pǐjítàilái)
  • 否極生泰否极生泰
  • 否泰
  • 否滯否滞
  • 否終而泰否终而泰
  • 否隔
  • 屯否
  • 屯蹶否塞
  • 晦盲否塞
  • 泰來否往泰来否往
  • 泰極而否泰极而否
  • 臧否 (zāngpǐ)
  • 臧否人物
  • 賢否不明贤否不明
  • 進可替否进可替否
  • 陟罰臧否陟罚臧否 (zhìfázāngpǐ)

References

    Japanese

    Kanji

    (grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. no
    2. negate

    Readings

    Compounds

    Etymology 1

    Kanji in this term
    いな
    Grade: 6
    kun’yomi
    For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
    いな
    [interjection] no
    [noun] nay, no
    [noun] (uncommon, perhaps archaic) a river snail
    (This term, , is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

    Etymology 2

    Kanji in this term

    Grade: 6
    on’yomi

    From Middle Chinese (MC bijX). The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): [çi]

    Noun

    () • (hi) 

    1. no

    Korean

    Hanja

    (eumhun 아닐 (anil bu))

    1. Hanja form? of (not, no, negative).

    (eumhun 막힐 (makhil bi))

    1. Hanja form? of (obstruct, block).

    Vietnamese

    Han character

    : Hán Nôm readings: , phủ, phầu

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Readings

    References

    • Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
    • Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
    • Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
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