叔母
Chinese
| uncle in direct address | female; mother | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (叔母) |
叔 | 母 | |
Pronunciation
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 嬸母 (“paternal aunt (wife of father's younger brother)”) [map]
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 叔 | 母 |
| Grade: S | Grade: 2 |
| irregular | |
| Alternative spellings |
|---|
| 伯母 小母 姨 |
Etymology
From Old Japanese. Attested in a text from 701.[1] In turn, reconstructed as descending from Proto-Japonic *wonpa.
Likely a compound of 小 (o-, “small, young”) + 母 (ha, “mother”).[1] Compare 叔父 (oji, “grandfather”), also likely from 小 (o-) + 父 (chi, “father”).[2]
Noun
- aunt (younger than one’s parent)
- a prostitute
- (slang, used by criminals) prison guard
Usage notes
- This term is spelled in hiragana when referring to non-age-specific relatives.
Coordinate terms
Related terms
References
- “お‐ば［を‥］ 【伯母・叔母・小母・姨】”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)
(in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here (Note: Dialectal meanings, etymological theories, pronunciation including modern, dialectal, and historical information, Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai, historical dictionaries containing this word, and the kanji spellings in those dictionaries have been omitted.) - “お‐じ［をぢ］ 【爺・伯父・叔父・小父】”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”) (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here (Note: Dialectal meanings, etymological theories, pronunciation including modern, dialectal, and historical information, Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai, historical dictionaries containing this word, and the kanji spellings in those dictionaries have been omitted.)
- Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Second edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō
- NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
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