今世

Chinese

		today; modern; present today; modern; present; current; this; now	life; age; generation life; age; generation; era; world; lifetime
trad. (今世)		今	世
simp. ^#(今世)		今	世

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jīnshì

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄣㄕˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gam¹ sai³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kîm-sṳ
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kim-sè
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ¹cin-sy

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jīnshì
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣㄕˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jinshìh
  - Wade–Giles: chin¹-shih⁴
  - Yale: jīn-shr̀
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jinshyh
  - Palladius: цзиньши (czinʹši)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    今世
    今市
    津市
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gam¹ sai³
  - Yale: gām sai
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gam¹ sai³
  - Guangdong Romanization: gem¹ sei³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɐm⁵⁵ sɐi̯³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kîm-sṳ
  - Hakka Romanization System: gim´ sii
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gim¹ si⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /kim²⁴⁻¹¹ sɨ⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kim-sè
  - Tâi-lô: kim-sè
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kimsex
  - IPA (Taipei): /kim⁴⁴⁻³³ se¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kim⁴⁴⁻³³ se²¹/
Wu
- (Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ¹cin-sy
  - MiniDict: cin^平 sy
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹jin-sr
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕin⁵⁵ sz̩²¹/

Middle Chinese: kim syejH

Rime
Character	今	世
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	書 (26)
Final (韻)	侵 (140)	祭 (35)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	居吟切	舒制切
Baxter	kim	syejH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠiɪm/	/ɕiᴇi^H/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚim/	/ɕiɛi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/kiem/	/ɕjæi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kjim/	/ɕiaj^H/
Li Rong	/kjəm/	/ɕiɛi^H/
Wang Li	/kĭĕm/	/ɕĭɛi^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ki̯əm/	/ɕi̯ɛi^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jīn	shì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gam¹	sai³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]r[ə]m l̥ap-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*krɯm hljebs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	今	世
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jīn	shì
Middle Chinese	‹ kim ›	‹ syej^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[k]r[ə]m/	/*l̥ap-s/
English	now	generation
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	今	世
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	6599	11537
Phonetic component	今	世
Rime group	侵	蓋
Rime subdivision	1	2
Corresponding MC rime	金	丗
Old Chinese	/*krɯm/	/*hljebs/
Notes	文源謂含初文	本枼葉初文（文源）

Noun

今世

this lifetime
contemporary times; modernity; this day and age

Synonyms

(this lifetime):

今生 (jīnshēng)
此生 (cǐshēng)
現世／现世 (xiànshì)
这一輩子 (zhè yī bèizi)

(contemporary times): (literary) 即世 (jíshì)

Derived terms

今生今世 (jīnshēngjīnshì)

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