ঘামা
See also: ঘাম
Assamese
Alternative forms
- ঘমা (ghoma) — Eastern Standard
- ঘাম ওলোৱা (gham ülüa)
Etymology
| Assamese verb set |
|---|
| ঘাম (gham) |
| ঘামা (ghama) |
| ঘামোৱা (ghamüa) |
| ঘামোওৱা (ghamüüa) |
From ঘাম (gham), from Sanskrit घर्म (gharma, “heat”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gʰarmás, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰor-mós (“warmth, heat”). Cognate with Sylheti ꠊꠣꠝꠣ (gáma).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡʱa.ma/
Conjugation
impersonal forms of ঘামা
| Affirmative (+) | Negative (-) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Stem | ঘাম gham |
নাঘাম nagham | |
| Gerund, Past participle, Agentive | ঘামা ghama |
নাঘামা naghama | |
| Conjugative | {{{cn}}} {{{cn-tr}}} |
{{{cn-1}}} {{{cn-1-tr}}} | |
| Infinitive | ঘামিব ghamibo |
নাঘামিব naghamibo | |
| Genitive infinitive | {{{gin}}} {{{gin-tr}}} |
{{{gin-1}}} {{{gin-1-tr}}} | |
| Goal | ঘামিবলৈ ghamiboloi |
নাঘামিবলৈ naghamiboloi | |
| Terminative | {{{trm}}} {{{trm-tr}}} |
{{{trm-1}}} {{{trm-1-tr}}} | |
| Future passive participle | {{{fpp}}} {{{fpp-tr}}} |
{{{fpp-1}}} {{{fpp-1-tr}}} | |
| Agentive (emphatic) | (♂) | ঘামোঁতা ghamü̃ta |
নাঘামোঁতা naghamü̃ta |
| ♀ | {{{agenf}}} {{{agenf-tr}}} |
{{{agenf-1}}} {{{agenf-1-tr}}} | |
| Contingent | ঘামোঁতে ghamü͂te |
নাঘামোঁতে naghamü͂te | |
| Progressive participle | ঘামোঁতে - ঘামোঁতে ghamü͂te - ghamü͂te |
নাঘামোঁতে - নাঘামোঁতে naghamü͂te - naghamü͂te | |
| Reason | {{{rs}}} {{{rs-tr}}} |
{{{rs-1}}} {{{rs-1-tr}}} | |
| Past conditional | {{{unk}}} {{{unk-tr}}} |
{{{unk-1}}} {{{unk-1-tr}}} | |
| Future conditional | ঘামিলে ghamile |
নাঘামিলে naghamile | |
| Perfect participle | ঘামি ghami |
নাঘামি naghami | |
| Habitual participle | ঘামি - ঘামি ghami-ghami |
নাঘামি - নাঘামি naghami - naghami | |
Conjugation forms of ঘামা
| Person | First person | Second person | Third person | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Very faml. & Inferior |
Familiar | Honorific | Non honorific | ||||
| Singular | মই moi |
তই toi |
তুমি tumi |
আপুনি apuni |
তেওঁ etc teü͂ |
সি ♂, তাই ♀ etc xi ♂, tai ♀ | |
| Plural | i | আমি ami |
তহঁত tohõt |
তোমালোক tümalük |
আপোনালোক apünalük |
তেওঁলোক teü͂lük |
সিহঁত etc xihõt |
| t | তহঁতে tohõte |
তোমালোকে tümalüke |
আপোনালোকে apünalüke |
তেওঁলোকে teü͂lüke |
সিহঁতে etc xihõte | ||
| Present | |||||||
| Indefinite | + | ঘামোঁ ghamü͂ |
ঘাম ghamo |
ঘামা ghama |
ঘামে ghame | ||
| - | নাঘামোঁ naghamü͂ |
নাঘাম naghamo |
নাঘামা naghama |
নাঘামে naghame | |||
| Imperfective | + | ঘামিছোঁ ghamisü͂ |
ঘামিছ ghamiso |
ঘামিছা ghamisa |
ঘামিছে ghamise | ||
| - | Imperfective | ||||||
| ঘামা নাই ghama nai | |||||||
| "not about to" (usage is not common) | |||||||
| {{{pres-perf-5}}} {{{pres-perf-5-tr}}} |
{{{pres-perf-6vf}}} {{{pres-perf-6vf-tr}}} |
{{{pres-perf-6f}}} {{{pres-perf-6f-tr}}} |
{{{pres-perf-7}}} {{{pres-perf-7-tr}}} | ||||
| Continuous | + | ঘামি আছোঁ ghami asü͂ |
ঘামি আছ ghami aso |
ঘামি আছা ghami asa |
ঘামি আছে ghami ase | ||
| - | ঘামি থাকা নাই ghami thaka nai | ||||||
| Past | |||||||
| Simple | + | ঘামিলোঁ ghamilü͂ |
ঘামিলি ghamili |
ঘামিলা ghamila |
ঘামিলে ghamile | ||
| - | নাঘামিলোঁ naghamilü͂ |
নাঘামিলি naghamili |
নাঘামিলা naghamila |
নাঘামিলে naghamile | |||
| Imperfective | + | ঘামিছিলোঁ ghamisilü͂ |
ঘামিছিলি ghamisili |
ঘামিছিলা ghamisila |
ঘামিছিলে ghamisile | ||
| - | Imperfective | ||||||
| নাঘামিছিলোঁ naghamisilü͂ |
নাঘামিছিলি naghamisili |
নাঘামিছিলা naghamisila |
নাঘামিছিলে naghamisile | ||||
| Habitual | |||||||
| {{{past-simp-7}}} {{{past-simp-7-tr}}} |
{{{past-simp-8vf}}} {{{past-simp-8vf-tr}}} |
{{{past-simp-8f}}} {{{past-simp-8f-tr}}} |
{{{past-simp-9}}} {{{past-simp-9-tr}}} | ||||
| Continuous | + | ঘামি আছিলোঁ ghami asilü͂ |
ঘামি আছিলি ghami asili |
ঘামি আছিলা ghami asila |
ঘামি আছিলে ghami asile | ||
| - | ঘামি থাকা নাছিলোঁ ghami thaka nasilü͂ |
ঘামি থাকা নাছিলি ghami thaka nasili |
ঘামি থাকা নাছিলা ghami thaka nasila |
ঘামি থাকা নাছিলে ghami thaka nasile | |||
| Future | |||||||
| Indicative | + | ঘামিম ghamim |
ঘামিবি ghamibi |
ঘামিবা ghamiba |
ঘামিব ghamibo | ||
| - | Indicative | ||||||
| নাঘামোঁ naghamü͂ |
নাঘাম naghamo |
নাঘামা naghama |
নাঘামে naghame | ||||
| "Perhaps" | |||||||
| নাঘামিম naghamim |
নাঘামিবি naghamibi |
নাঘামিবা naghamiba |
নাঘামিব naghamibo | ||||
| Continuous | + | ঘামি থাকিম ghami thakim |
ঘামি থাকিবি ghami thakibi |
ঘামি থাকিবা ghami thakiba |
ঘামি থাকিব ghami thakibo | ||
| - | |||||||
| Indicative | |||||||
| ঘামি নাথাকিম ghami nathakim |
ঘামি নাথাকিবি ghami nathakibi |
ঘামি নাথাকিবা ghami nathakiba |
ঘামি নাথাকিব ghami nathakibo | ||||
| "Perhaps" | |||||||
| {{{fut-cont-7}}} {{{fut-cont-7-tr}}} |
{{{fut-cont-8vf}}} {{{fut-cont-8vf-tr}}} |
{{{fut-cont-8f}}} {{{fut-cont-8f-tr}}} |
{{{fut-cont-9}}} {{{fut-cont-9-tr}}} | ||||
| Others | |||||||
| Imperative | + | ঘামোঁ ghamü͂ |
ঘাম gham |
{{{imp-1a}}} {{{imp-1a-tr}}} |
ঘামক ghamok | ||
| - | — | নাঘামিবি naghamibi |
নাঘামিবা naghamiba |
নাঘামিব naghamibo | |||
| ❋ Note 1: i = for intransitive verbs, t = for transitive verbs. The suffix -এ (-e) marks ergative case. | |||||||
| ❋ Note 2: Sometimes -হঁক (-hõk) or less commonly -হঁত (-hõt) suffix is used for plural pronouns, like আমি কৰোহঁক (ami korühõk), আপোনালোক আহিলেহঁক (apünalük ahilehõk) etc. | |||||||
| ❋ Note 3: For intransitive verbs like যোৱা (züa, “to go”) the 3rd person suffix -এ (-e) in simple past tense is not used, like সি গ’ল (xi göl), not সি গ’লে (xi göle). | |||||||
| ❋ Note 4: Other 3rd person pronouns have the same conjugation. Click here to see other personal pronouns. | |||||||
Related terms
- ঘাম (gham)
Bengali
Etymology
Inherited from Prakrit *𑀖𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀇 (*ghammaï), denominal verb from 𑀖𑀫𑁆𑀫 (ghamma), from Sanskrit घर्म (gharma, “heat”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡʱa.ma/, [ˈɡʱa.ma]
- Rhymes: -ama
- Hyphenation: ঘা‧মা
Verb
ঘামা • (ghama)
- to sweat
- এই গরমে সবাই ঘামছে।
- ei gorome śobai ghamoche.
- Everyone's sweating in this heat.
Conjugation
impersonal forms of ঘামা
| verbal noun | ঘামা (ghama) |
|---|---|
| infinitive | ঘামতে (ghamte) |
| progressive participle | ঘামতে-ঘামতে (ghamte-ghamte) |
| conditional participle | ঘামলে (ghamle) |
| perfect participle | ঘেমে (gheme) |
| habitual participle | ঘেমে-ঘেমে (gheme-gheme) |
conjugation of ঘামা
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| very familiar | familiar | familiar | polite | |||
| singular | আমি (ami) | তুই (tui) | তুমি (tumi) | এ (e), ও (ō), সে (se) |
আপনি (apni) | ইনি (ini), উনি (uni), তিনি (tini) |
| plural | আমরা (amra) | তোরা (tora) | তোমরা (tomra) | এরা (era), ওরা (ōra), তারা (tara) |
আপনারা (apnara) | এঁরা (ẽra), ওঁরা (ō̃ra), তাঁরা (tãra) |
| simple present | ঘামি (ghami) |
ঘামিস (ghamiś) |
ঘামো (ghamo) |
ঘামে (ghame) |
ঘামেন (ghamen) | |
| present continuous | ঘামছি (ghamchi) |
ঘামছিস (ghamchiś) |
ঘামছ (ghamcho) |
ঘামছে (ghamche) |
ঘামছেন (ghamchen) | |
| present perfect | ঘেমেছি (ghemechi) |
ঘেমেছিস (ghemechiś) |
ঘেমেছ (ghemecho) |
ঘেমেছে (ghemeche) |
ঘেমেছেন (ghemechen) | |
| simple past | ঘামলাম (ghamlam) |
ঘামলি (ghamli) |
ঘামলে (ghamle) |
ঘামল (ghamlo) |
ঘামলেন (ghamlen) | |
| past continuous | ঘামছিলাম (ghamchilam) |
ঘামছিলি (ghamchili) |
ঘামছিলে (ghamchile) |
ঘামছিল (ghamchilo) |
ঘামছিলেন (ghamchilen) | |
| past perfect | ঘেমেছিলাম (ghemechilam) |
ঘেমেছিলি (ghemechili) |
ঘেমেছিলে (ghemechile) |
ঘেমেছিল (ghemechilo) |
ঘেমেছিলেন (ghemechilen) | |
| habitual/conditional past | ঘামতাম (ghamtam) |
ঘামতিস/ঘামতি (ghamtiś/ghamti) |
ঘামতে (ghamte) |
ঘামত (ghamto) |
ঘামতেন (ghamten) | |
| future | ঘামব (ghambo) |
ঘামবি (ghambi) |
ঘামবে (ghambe) |
ঘামবে (ghambe) |
ঘামবেন (ghamben) | |
Derived terms
- ঘামানো (ghamanō, “to cause to sweat”)
Related terms
- ঘাম (gham, “sweat”)
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