बुध्

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰúdʰs, from *bʰewdʰ- (to wake).

Pronunciation

Adjective

बुध् • (búdh)

  1. awaking
  2. intelligent, wise

Declension

Masculine root-stem declension of बुध् (budh)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative भुत्
bhut
बुधौ / बुधा¹
budhau / budhā¹
बुधः
budhaḥ
Vocative भुत्
bhut
बुधौ / बुधा¹
budhau / budhā¹
बुधः
budhaḥ
Accusative बुधम्
budham
बुधौ / बुधा¹
budhau / budhā¹
बुधः
budhaḥ
Instrumental बुधा
budhā
भुद्भ्याम्
bhudbhyām
भुद्भिः
bhudbhiḥ
Dative बुधे
budhe
भुद्भ्याम्
bhudbhyām
भुद्भ्यः
bhudbhyaḥ
Ablative बुधः
budhaḥ
भुद्भ्याम्
bhudbhyām
भुद्भ्यः
bhudbhyaḥ
Genitive बुधः
budhaḥ
बुधोः
budhoḥ
बुधाम्
budhām
Locative बुधि
budhi
बुधोः
budhoḥ
भुत्सु
bhutsu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic
Feminine root-stem declension of बुध् (budh)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative भुत्
bhut
बुधौ / बुधा¹
budhau / budhā¹
बुधः
budhaḥ
Vocative भुत्
bhut
बुधौ / बुधा¹
budhau / budhā¹
बुधः
budhaḥ
Accusative बुधम्
budham
बुधौ / बुधा¹
budhau / budhā¹
बुधः
budhaḥ
Instrumental बुधा
budhā
भुद्भ्याम्
bhudbhyām
भुद्भिः
bhudbhiḥ
Dative बुधे
budhe
भुद्भ्याम्
bhudbhyām
भुद्भ्यः
bhudbhyaḥ
Ablative बुधः
budhaḥ
भुद्भ्याम्
bhudbhyām
भुद्भ्यः
bhudbhyaḥ
Genitive बुधः
budhaḥ
बुधोः
budhoḥ
बुधाम्
budhām
Locative बुधि
budhi
बुधोः
budhoḥ
भुत्सु
bhutsu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic
Neuter root-stem declension of बुध् (budh)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative भुत्
bhut
बुधी
budhī
बुन्धि
bundhi
Vocative भुत्
bhut
बुधी
budhī
बुन्धि
bundhi
Accusative भुत्
bhut
बुधी
budhī
बुन्धि
bundhi
Instrumental बुधा
budhā
भुद्भ्याम्
bhudbhyām
भुद्भिः
bhudbhiḥ
Dative बुधे
budhe
भुद्भ्याम्
bhudbhyām
भुद्भ्यः
bhudbhyaḥ
Ablative बुधः
budhaḥ
भुद्भ्याम्
bhudbhyām
भुद्भ्यः
bhudbhyaḥ
Genitive बुधः
budhaḥ
बुधोः
budhoḥ
बुधाम्
budhām
Locative बुधि
budhi
बुधोः
budhoḥ
भुत्सु
bhutsu

Derived terms

  • उषर्बुध् (uṣarbúdh) (उषर्भुत् (uṣarbhút, nom. sg))
  • प्रबुध् (prabúdh) (प्रर्भुत् (prabhút, nom. sg))

Root

बुध् • (√budh)

  1. to come to; wake up; recover consciousness after fainting
  2. to observe, heed, attend to (with acc. or gen.)
  3. to perceive, notice, learn, understand, become or be aware of or acquainted with
  4. to think of, i.e. present a person (‘with’ instr.)
  5. to know to be, recognize as (with two acc.)
  6. to deem, consider or regard as (with two acc.)
  7. to revive the scent (of a perfume)
  8. to cause (a flower) to expand
  9. to cause to observe or attend, admonish, advise
  10. to make a person acquainted with, remind or inform of. impart or communicate anything to (with two acc.)

Derived terms

Sanskrit terms belonging to the root बुध्‎ (0 c, 6 e)
Primary Verbal Forms
  • बुध्यते (búdhyate, Present)
  • बोधति (bódhati, Present)
  • भोत्स्यति (bhotsyati, Future)
  • बोद्धा (boddhā, Periphrastic Future)
  • अबुद्ध (ábuddha, Aorist)
  • अबोधिषत् (ábodhiṣat, Aorist)
  • बुबोध (bubódha, Perfect)
Secondary Forms
  • बुध्यते (budhyáte, Passive)
  • अबोधि (ábodhi, Passive Aorist)
  • बोधयति (bodháyati, Causative)
  • अबूबुधत् (ábūbudhat, Causative Aorist)
  • बोध्यते (bodhyáte, Passive of Causative)
  • बुभुत्सति (bubhutsati, Desiderative)
  • बुबोधिषति (bubodhiṣati, Desiderative)
  • बुबुधिषति (bubudhiṣati, Desiderative)
  • बोबुधीति (bobudhīti, Intensive)
  • बोबुध्यते (bobudhyate, Intensive)
  • बोबोद्धि (boboddhi, Intensive)
Non-Finite Forms
  • बोद्धुम् (boddhum, Infinitive)
  • बुधे (búdhe, Infinitive)
  • बुधि (budhí, Infinitive)
  • बुद्ध्वा (buddhvā, Gerund)
  • बुध्य (budhya, Gerund)
  • बोध्य (bodhya, Gerundive)
  • बोद्धव्य (boddhavya, Gerundive)
  • बोधितव्य (bodhitavya, Gerundive)
  • बोधनीय (bodhanīya, Gerundive)
  • बुद्ध (buddhá, Past Participle)
  • बोधयितव्य (bodhayitavya, Causative Gerundive)
  • बुभुत्सु (bubhutsu, Desiderative Participle)
  • बुबोधयिषु (bubodhayiṣu, Desiderative Participle of Causative)
  • बिबोधयिषु (bibodhayiṣu, Desiderative Participle of Causative)
Derived Nominal Forms
  • अबुध् (abudh)
  • अबुध्य (abudhya)
  • बुद्धि (buddhi)
  • बुध् (budh)
  • बुभुत्सा (bubhutsā)
  • बोद्धृ (boddhṛ)
  • बोध (bodhá)
  • बोधक (bodhaka)
  • बोधन (bódhana)
  • बोधयिष्णु (bodhayiṣṇu)
  • बोधि (bodhi)
  • बोधिन् (bodhin)
  • बोधयितृ (bodhayitṛ)
Prefixed Root Forms
  • अनुबुध् (anubudh)
  • अवबुध् (avabudh)
  • आबुध् (ābudh)
  • उद्बुध् (udbudh)
  • निबुध् (nibudh)
  • प्रतिबुध् (pratibudh)
  • प्रतिसम्बुध् (pratisambudh)
  • प्रबुध् (prabudh)
  • विप्रबुध् (viprabudh)
  • विबुध् (vibudh)
  • समवबुध् (samavabudh)
  • समुद्बुध् (samudbudh)
  • संनिबुध् (saṃnibudh)
  • सम्प्रतिबुध् (sampratibudh)
  • सम्प्रबुध् (samprabudh)
  • सम्बुध् (sambudh)

Further reading

  • Monier Williams (1899) “बुध्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, [], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 733.
  • William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 106
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 228; 233-234
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