кал
Bulgarian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *kalъ.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [kaɫ]
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -aɫ
References
Anagrams
- лак (lak)
Erzya

Etymology
From Proto-Mordvinic *kalə, from Proto-Uralic *kala (“fish”). Cognates include Finnish kala, Kildin Sami кӯлль (kūll’), Eastern Mari кол (kol), Hungarian hal, Tundra Nenets халя (xalya).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kal/
- Rhymes: -al
- Hyphenation: кал
Noun
кал • (kal)
- fish
- 1865, Ferdinand Johann Wiedemann, Das Evangelium des Matthäus ersamordwinisch, page 21:
- I ježeli väševeľ kal, maksovoľ tenze jozne?
- Or if he asks for a fish, will give him a snake?
Declension
This entry needs an inflection-table template.
Hyponyms
- сэрьге (seŕge, “roach”)
References
- B. A. Serebrennikov, R. N. Buzakova, M. V. Mosin (1993) “кал”, in Эрзянь-рузонь валкс [Erzya-Russian dictionary], Moscow: Русский язык, →ISBN
- Entry #228 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
Macedonian
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kalъ.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [kaɫ]
Audio (file)
Declension
(Masculine declension)
(Feminine declension)
Moksha
.jpg.webp)
Etymology
From Proto-Mordvinic *kalə, from Proto-Uralic *kala. Cognate with Erzya кал (kal).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkal/
- Rhymes: -al
- Hyphenation: кал
Declension
Declension of кал | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | ||
nominative (...) |
кал kal |
калхт kalht | |
genitive (of ...) |
калонь kaloń | ||
dative (to ...) |
калонди kalonďi | ||
comparative (like ...) |
калшка kalška | ||
ablative (than ...) |
калда kalda | ||
lative (into ...) |
калу kalu | ||
illative (into ...) |
калс kals | ||
inessive (in ...) |
калса kalsa | ||
elative (out of ...) |
калста kalsta | ||
prolative (through ...) |
калга kalga | ||
causative (for ...) |
калонкса kalonksa | ||
translative (becoming ...) |
калкс kalks | ||
abessive (without ...) |
калфтома kalftoma | ||
Definite declension of кал | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | ||
nominative (...) |
калсь kalś |
калне kalńe | |
genitive (of ...) |
калть kalť |
калнень kalńeń | |
dative (to ...) |
калти kalťi |
калненди kalńenďi | |
Derived terms
- калонь кундай (kaloń kundaj)
- калонь кундама (kaloń kundama)
- калонь салай (kaloń salaj)
Russian
Etymology 1
Inherited from Old East Slavic калъ (kalŭ, “mud, muddy puddle, scum, sewage”), from Proto-Slavic *kalъ (“mud, swamp”).
Alternative forms
- калъ (kal) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [kaɫ]
Noun
кал • (kal) m inan (genitive ка́ла, nominative plural ка́лы, genitive plural ка́лов)
- dung, excrement, feces, poo
- Synonyms: испражне́ния (ispražnénija), наво́з (navóz), помёт (pomjót), стул (stul), экскреме́нты (ekskreménty), фека́лии (fekálii)
Declension
Derived terms
- ка́ловый (kálovyj)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [kɐˈɫorʲɪjə] (phonetic respelling: кало́рия)
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kalъ, from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂los (“dark”), whence also Latin cālīgō (“darkness, gloom”) and Sanskrit काल (kāla, “black”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kâːl/
Ukrainian
Etymology
Inherited from Old East Slavic калъ (kalŭ), from Proto-Slavic *kalъ (“dirt”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [kaɫ]
Audio (file)
Noun
кал • (kal) m inan (genitive ка́лу, uncountable)
Declension
Further reading
- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “кал”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
- “кал”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
- “кал”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
- “кал”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)