кале

See also: Appendix:Variations of "kale" and Кале

Bulgarian
Останки от Рум кале (Изт. Турция)

Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish قلعه (kalʼa) (whence Modern Turkish kale), cognate with Persian کلات (“stronghold”), قلعه (“fortress”) and Arabic قلعة (“fortress”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [kɐˈlɛ]
  • Audio(file)

Noun

кале́ • (kalé) n

  1. (historical) qalat (defensive fort in the Middle East and Central Asia, typically built at inhospitable location)
  2. (colloquial) (ruins of) fortress, fortified place
    Synonyms: кре́пост (krépost), твърдина́ (tvǎrdiná)

Declension
Declension of кале́
singular plural
indefinite кале́
kalé		 калта́
kaltá
definite кале́то
kaléto		 калта́та
kaltáta

Coordinate terms
  • хиса́р (hisár, “hisar, castle”) (fortification built at hospitable location, serving as a residence)

References
  • “кале”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
  • “кале”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

Macedonian

Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish قلعه (kalʼa) (Turkish kale).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈkalɛ]

Noun

кале • (kale) n

  1. (historical) fortress

Declension
Declension of кале
singular plural
indefinite кале калиња
definite unspecified калето калињата
definite proximal калево калињава
definite distal калено калињана
vocative кале калиња

Russian

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈkalʲe]
  • IPA(key): [kɐˈɫorʲɪje] (phonetic respelling: кало́рие)

Noun

ка́ле • (kále) m inan

  1. prepositional singular of кал (kal)

калé • (kalé) m inan

  1. kale
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