sterno

See also: Sterno, ŝterno, and sterno-

Italian

Etymology

From Ancient Greek στέρνον (stérnon, “chest, breastbone, heart”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈstɛr.no/
  • Rhymes: -ɛrno
  • Hyphenation: stèr‧no

Noun

sterno m (plural sterni)

  1. (anatomy) breastbone, sternum

Derived terms

Anagrams

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *stornō, from Proto-Indo-European *str̥-n-h₃-, n-infix present of the root *sterh₃- (“to spread, extend”).[1] Cognate with Sanskrit आस्तॄ (āstṝ, “spread”), Avestan 𐬯𐬙𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬁𐬌𐬙𐬌 (stərənāiti, “spread, extend”), Ancient Greek στόρνυμι (stórnumi, “scatter”), στρατός (stratós, “army, people, body of men”), Old Church Slavonic прострѣти (prostrěti, “stretch, expand”), просторъ (prostorŭ, “spaciousness”), Old English strewian (English strew), Old Norse strá.

Pronunciation

Verb

sternō (present infinitive sternere, perfect active strāvī, supine strātum); third conjugation

  1. (transitive) to spread, stretch out, spread out
    Synonyms: cōnfundō, effundō, fundō, diffundō, dēfundō, differō, indūcō, dissipō
  2. (transitive, rare) to calm, still, moderate
  3. (transitive) to cover, spread with, scatter with, bestrew with, besprinkle
  4. (transitive, of a road, path) to pave, cover
  5. (transitive) to stretch on the ground, throw to the ground, cast down, strike down, prostrate
    Synonyms: prōsternō, fundō, prōflīgō, impellō, ruō, subvertō, pervertō, ēvertō, dēturbō, versō, afflīgō
  6. to overthrow
    Synonyms: prōflīgō, impellō, subvertō, fundō, pervertō, ēvertō, dēturbō, prōsternō, afflīgō, dissipō, vertō, versō
    • c. 13th C., O Fortuna, lines 34-36:
      Quod per sortem sternit fortem, mecum omnes plangite!
      That which through fate strikes the strong man down, everyone bemoan [it] with me!
  7. (transitive, by extension) to knock to the ground, demolish, raze, level, flatten
    Synonyms: assolō, adaequō, aequō, pariō

Conjugation
   Conjugation of sternō (third conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present sternō sternis sternit sternimus sternitis sternunt
imperfect sternēbam sternēbās sternēbat sternēbāmus sternēbātis sternēbant
future sternam sternēs sternet sternēmus sternētis sternent
perfect strāvī strāvistī strāvit strāvimus strāvistis strāvērunt,
strāvēre
pluperfect strāveram strāverās strāverat strāverāmus strāverātis strāverant
future perfect strāverō strāveris strāverit strāverimus strāveritis strāverint
passive present sternor sterneris,
sternere		 sternitur sternimur sterniminī sternuntur
imperfect sternēbar sternēbāris,
sternēbāre		 sternēbātur sternēbāmur sternēbāminī sternēbantur
future sternar sternēris,
sternēre		 sternētur sternēmur sternēminī sternentur
perfect strātus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect strātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect strātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present sternam sternās sternat sternāmus sternātis sternant
imperfect sternerem sternerēs sterneret sternerēmus sternerētis sternerent
perfect strāverim strāverīs strāverit strāverīmus strāverītis strāverint
pluperfect strāvissem strāvissēs strāvisset strāvissēmus strāvissētis strāvissent
passive present sternar sternāris,
sternāre		 sternātur sternāmur sternāminī sternantur
imperfect sternerer sternerēris,
sternerēre		 sternerētur sternerēmur sternerēminī sternerentur
perfect strātus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect strātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — sterne — — sternite —
future — sternitō sternitō — sternitōte sternuntō
passive present — sternere — — sterniminī —
future — sternitor sternitor — — sternuntor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives sternere strāvisse strātūrum esse sternī strātum esse strātum īrī
participles sternēns — strātūrus — strātus sternendus,
sternundus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
sternendī sternendō sternendum sternendō strātum strātū

Derived terms

Descendants
  • Franco-Provençal: êterdre
  • Old French: esternir (through alternative form *sternire), esterdre (merged with the root extergere)
    • French: éternir (dialectal, Normandy), étarnir (dialectal, Savoie), éterdre (dialectal, Savoie, Jura and Switzerland)
  • Friulian: stierni
  • Italian: sternere

References
  • “sterno”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “sterno”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • sterno in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to pave a road: viam sternere (silice, saxo)
    • to saddle a horse: sternere equum
    • (ambiguous) to prostrate oneself before a person: ad pedes alicuius iacēre, stratum esse (stratum iacēre)
  • Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
  1. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 586

Old High German

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *sterrō, variant of *sternō, from Proto-Germanic *sternô, *sternǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂stḗr. Compare Old Saxon sterro, Old Frisian stēra, Old English steorra, Old Norse stjarna, Gothic 𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌽𐍉 (stairnō).

Noun

sterno m

  1. star

Descendants
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