sabbatum

See also: Sabbatum

Gothic

Romanization

sabbatum

Romanization of 𐍃𐌰𐌱𐌱𐌰𐍄𐌿𐌼

Latin

Alternative forms

Sabbatum
*sambatum (Vulgar Latin) (Compare the etymologies of French samedi (“lit., Sabbath day, now Saturday”), German Samstag (“lit., Sabbath day, now Saturday”))

Etymology

From Ancient Greek σάββατον (sábbaton, “Sabbath”), from Biblical Hebrew שַׁבָּת (šabbāṯ, “Sabbath”).

Pronunciation

(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈsab.ba.tum/, [ˈs̠äbːät̪ʊ̃ˑ]

(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈsab.ba.tum/, [ˈsäbːät̪um]

Noun

sabbatum n (genitive sabbatī); second declension

Sabbath (the Jewish day of rest, i.e., the biblical seventh day of the week)
(Late Latin, Ecclesiastical Latin) Saturday

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	sabbatum	sabbata
Genitive	sabbatī	sabbatōrum
Dative	sabbatō	sabbatīs
Accusative	sabbatum	sabbata
Ablative	sabbatō	sabbatīs
Vocative	sabbatum	sabbata

Synonyms

(Sabbath): Hērōdis diēs

Coordinate terms

(Saturday): diēs Dominicus, fēria secunda, fēria tertia, fēria quārta, fēria quīnta, fēria sexta

Derived terms

Descendants

Dalmatian:
- sabata, subatu
Italo-Romance:
- Corsican: sàbatu
- Italian: sabato, sabbato
  - → Thai: สะบาโต (sà-baa-dtoo)
- Sicilian: sàbbatu, savi
Padanian:
- Emilian: sabat, sàbot, sabet
- Friulian: sabide, sàbide
- Ladin: sabeda
- Ligurian: sâbo
- Lombard: sabat, sàbot, sabet
- Piedmontese: saba
- Romagnol: sabat
- Romansch: sonda, sanda, somda
- Venetian: sabo
Southern Gallo-Romance:
- Aragonese: sabado
- Old Leonese:
  - Asturian: sábadu
- Old Galician-Portuguese: sabado
  - Galician: sábado
  - Portuguese: sábado
    - → Kadiwéu: xaabado
    - → Tetum: loron-sábadu
- Old Spanish:
  - Spanish: sábado (see there for further descendants)
Insular Romance:
- Sardinian: sàbadu, sàbudu, sàpatu
→ Catalan: sàbat
→ Middle Dutch: sabbat, sabaet, sabbet, sabboth
- Dutch: sabbat
  - Negerhollands: sabbath
  - → Papiamentu: sabbat (dated)
→ Old English: sabbat, sabat
- Middle English: sabat, sabbat, sabath
  - English: Sabbath
→ Old French: sabat, sabbat
- Middle French:
  - French: sabbat, chabbat, shabbat
    - → English: sabbat
- Norman: sabbat
→ Middle High German: sābāot, sābot, sabbat
- German: Sabbath
→ Old High German: skobaht
→ Middle Low German: sabbat, sabbet
- → Swedish: sabbat
- → Danish: sabbat
  - → Faroese: sabbatur
  - → Greenlandic: sapaat
→ Interlingua: sabbato
→ Old Irish: sabbait (see there for further descendants)
→ Italian: sabba
→ Polish: sabat
→ Portuguese: sabá, sabbat
→ Proto-Slavic: *sǫbota, *sobota (see there for further descendants)

References

“sabbatum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
sabbatum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
sabbatum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

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