nosco

From Vulgar Latin nōscum, from Latin nōbiscum (“with us”).

• IPA^(key): /ˈnɔ.sko/
• Rhymes: -ɔsko
• Hyphenation: nò‧sco

nosco (poetic, archaic)

1. with us
   • early-mid 1310s–mid 1310s, Dante Alighieri, “Canto XXII”, in Purgatorio [Purgatory]‎, lines 106–108; republished as Giorgio Petrocchi, editor, La Commedia secondo l'antica vulgata [The Commedia according to the ancient vulgate]‎, 2^nd revised edition, Florence: publ. Le Lettere, 1994:

     Euripide v’è nosco e Antifonte,
     Simonide, Agatone e altri piùe
     Greci che già di lauro ornar la fronte.

     With us is Euripides, and Antiphon, [and] Simonides, [and] Agatho, and many more Greeks who adorned their foreheads with laurel.

   • 1810 [c. 8^th century BCE], “Libro IV”, in Vincenzo Monti, transl., Iliade, translation of Ῑ̓λιάς (Īliás, Iliad) by Homer (in Epic Greek), lines 284–289; republished as Iliade di Omero‎, 4^th edition, Milan: Società tipografica dei classici italiani, 1825:

     […] chi primiero
     L’accordo vïolò, pasto vedrassi
     Di voraci avoltoi, mentre captive
     Le dilette lor mogli in un co’ figli
     Noi nosco condurremo, Ilio distrutto.

     [original: ἀλλ’ οἵ περ πρότεροι ὑπὲρ ὅρκια δηλήσαντο
     τῶν ἤτοι αὐτῶν τέρενα χρόα γῦπες ἔδονται,
     ἡμεῖς αὖτ’ ἀλόχους τε φίλας καὶ νήπια τέκνα
     ἄξομεν ἐν νήεσσιν, ἐπὴν πτολίεθρον ἕλωμεν.]

     all’ hoí per próteroi hupèr hórkia dēlḗsanto
     tôn ḗtoi autôn térena khróa gûpes édontai,
     hēmeîs aût’ alókhous te phílas kaì nḗpia tékna
     áxomen en nḗessin, epḕn ptolíethron hélōmen.

     Those who first broke the agreement, will find themselves [being a] meal for voracious vultures, as we take with us their beloved wives—together with their children—as prisoners, [once] Troy [is] destroyed.

2. (by extension) among us
3. (by extension) towards or against us
4. (by extension) in our time

• meco
• seco
• teco
• vosco

• nosco in Dizionario Italiano Olivetti, Olivetti Media Communication

• sonco

• gnōscō

From earlier gnōscō, from Proto-Italic *gnōskō, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₃sḱéti.

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈnoːs.koː/, [ˈnoːs̠koː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈnos.ko/, [ˈnɔsko]

nōscō (present infinitive nōscere, perfect active nōvī, supine nōtum); third conjugation

1. to become acquainted with something, learn about it

   Synonyms: intellegō, cognosco, cerno, tongeo, prehendō

   • c. 45 BCE, Cicero, Tusculan Disputations 1.52:

     Cum igitur "nosce te" dicit, hoc dicit: "nosce animum tuum". Nam corpus quidem quasi vas est aut aliquod animi receptaculum.

     Therefore when he [the Pythian Apollo] says, "Know thyself", this is what it means: "Know your mind". The body is of course like a vase, or some other container for the mind.

2. (in perfect tenses and past participle) to know, recognize, be acquainted with, i.e.; in possession of knowledge

   Synonyms: agnōscō, cognōscō, inveniō, sentiō, cōnsciō, sapiō, sciō, scīscō, intellegō, percipiō, discernō, tongeō, cernō, audiō

   Antonyms: ignōrō, nesciō

   • 2 CE, Ovid, The Art of Love 1.1–2:

     Sī quis in hōc artem populō nōn nōvit amandī, / hoc legat et lēctō carmine doctus amet.

     If anyone does not know the art of loving, may they read this, and having both read the poem and been taught, love.

   • Hīc Nātus Ubīque Nōtus

     Born Here, Known Everywhere (motto of the Allende Institute in reference to Ignacio de Allende)

3. (rare) to recognize someone, be familiar with

   Synonyms: recognōscō, cognōscō, agnōscō

4. (euphemistic) to have had sex with, have ever slept with

   Synonym: cognōscō

   • c. 84 BCE – 54 BCE, Catullus, 72 :

     Dīcēbās quondam sōlum tē nōsse Catullum, / Lesbia, nec prae mē velle tenēre Iovem.

     You used to say, some time ago, that you only ever slept with [me] Catullus, Lesbia, and that you didn't want to hold [even] Jupiter more than me.

5. to accept a reason or excuse

   Synonyms: accipiō, cōnservō

6. (Late Latin, Christianity, in the perfect) to acknowledge, submit to (God)
   • 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Acta Apostolorum.19.15:

     Respondens autem spiritus nequam dixit eis, Iesum novi et Paulum scio, vos autem qui estis?

     A wicked spirit replied to them, "I acknowledge Jesus, and I know Paul, but who are all of you?

¹The verb "nōscō" and its compounds frequently drop the syllables "vi" and "ve" from their perfect, pluperfect and future perfect conjugations.

• “nosco”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “nosco”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• nosco in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to be acquainted with the history of one's own land: domestica (externa) nosse