lacer

English

Etymology

lace +‎ -er

Pronunciation
  • (UK) IPA(key): /ˈleɪs.ə(ɹ)/
  • Rhymes: -eɪsə(ɹ)
  • Homophone: laser (Etymology 2)

Noun

lacer (plural lacers)

  1. A person or thing that laces.

Anagrams

French

Etymology

See lacs

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /la.se/
  • Audio(file)
  • Audio (Switzerland)(file)
  • Homophone: lasser

Verb

lacer

  1. to lace, to lace up

Conjugation

This verb is part of a group of -er verbs for which 'c' is softened to a 'ç' before the vowels 'a' and 'o'.

Conjugation of lacer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple lacer
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple laçant
/la.sɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle lacé
/la.se/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses)		 present lace
/las/		 laces
/las/		 lace
/las/		 laçons
/la.sɔ̃/		 lacez
/la.se/		 lacent
/las/
imperfect laçais
/la.sɛ/		 laçais
/la.sɛ/		 laçait
/la.sɛ/		 lacions
/la.sjɔ̃/		 laciez
/la.sje/		 laçaient
/la.sɛ/
past historic2 laçai
/la.se/		 laças
/la.sa/		 laça
/la.sa/		 laçâmes
/la.sam/		 laçâtes
/la.sat/		 lacèrent
/la.sɛʁ/
future lacerai
/la.sʁe/		 laceras
/la.sʁa/		 lacera
/la.sʁa/		 lacerons
/la.sʁɔ̃/		 lacerez
/la.sʁe/		 laceront
/la.sʁɔ̃/
conditional lacerais
/la.sʁɛ/		 lacerais
/la.sʁɛ/		 lacerait
/la.sʁɛ/		 lacerions
/la.sə.ʁjɔ̃/		 laceriez
/la.sə.ʁje/		 laceraient
/la.sʁɛ/
(compound
tenses)		 present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses)		 present lace
/las/		 laces
/las/		 lace
/las/		 lacions
/la.sjɔ̃/		 laciez
/la.sje/		 lacent
/las/
imperfect2 laçasse
/la.sas/		 laçasses
/la.sas/		 laçât
/la.sa/		 laçassions
/la.sa.sjɔ̃/		 laçassiez
/la.sa.sje/		 laçassent
/la.sas/
(compound
tenses)		 past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — lace
/las/		 — laçons
/la.sɔ̃/		 lacez
/la.se/		 —
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Further reading

Anagrams

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *lakeros, from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂k- (“to tear, rend”). Cognate with lancinō, Ancient Greek λᾰκίς (lakís).

Pronunciation

Adjective

lacer (feminine lacera, neuter lacerum); first/second-declension adjective (nominative masculine singular in -er)

  1. lacerated, mangled, torn to pieces

Declension

First/second-declension adjective (nominative masculine singular in -er).

Number Singular Plural
Case / Gender Masculine Feminine Neuter Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative lacer lacera lacerum lacerī lacerae lacera
Genitive lacerī lacerae lacerī lacerōrum lacerārum lacerōrum
Dative lacerō lacerō lacerīs
Accusative lacerum laceram lacerum lacerōs lacerās lacera
Ablative lacerō lacerā lacerō lacerīs
Vocative lacer lacera lacerum lacerī lacerae lacera

Derived terms

Descendants
  • Italian: lacero

References
  • “lacer”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “lacer”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • lacer in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

Old French

Verb

lacer

  1. Alternative form of lacier

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-c, *-cs, *-ct are modified to z, z, zt. In addition, c becomes ç before an a, o or u to keep the /ts/ sound intact. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of lacer (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
simple compound
infinitive lacer avoir lacé
gerund en laçant gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle laçant
past participle lacé
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu il nos vos il
simple
tenses		 present laz laces lace laçons lacez lacent
imperfect laçoie, laceie, laçoe, laceve laçoies, laceies, laçoes, laceves laçoit, laceit, laçot, laceve laciiens, laciens laciiez, laciez laçoient, laceient, laçoent, lacevent
preterite laçai laças laça laçames laçastes lacerent
future lacerai laceras lacera lacerons laceroiz, lacereiz, lacerez laceront
conditional laceroie, lacereie laceroies, lacereies laceroit, lacereit laceriiens, laceriens laceriiez, laceriez laceroient, lacereient
compound
tenses		 present perfect present tense of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
past anterior preterite tense of avoir + past participle
future perfect future tense of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que jo que tu qu’il que nos que vos qu’il
simple
tenses		 present laz laz lazt laçons lacez lacent
imperfect laçasse laçasses laçast lacissons, lacissiens lacissoiz, lacissez, lacissiez laçassent
compound
tenses		 past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nos vos –
— lace — laçons lacez —
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