Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/leh₂-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*leh₂-[1]

to bark, howl

Extensions

*leh₂-k-
- *leh₂-k-?-
  - Proto-Hellenic:
    - Ancient Greek: λᾱκέω (lākéō), ληκέω (lēkéō)
- *l̥h₂-k-sḱéti
  - Proto-Hellenic:
    - Ancient Greek: λάσκω (láskō)
- *l̥h₂-k-ero-
  - Proto-Hellenic: *lakerós
    - Ancient Greek: λακερός (lakerós)

(The following are either from this root, as if "to bark/shriek" > "to tear" or some other relation from strong sound to tearing, or this root should be separated.)

- *l̥h₂-n̥-k-
  - Proto-Italic: *lank?nō
    - Latin: lancinō
- *l̥h₂-k-ero-
  - Proto-Italic: *lakeros
    - Latin: lacer, lacerō
- *l̥h₂-k-id-
  - Proto-Hellenic: *lakíds
    - Ancient Greek: λᾰκίς (lakís), λᾰκίζω (lakízō)

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *leh₂- (bark)‎ (7 c, 0 e)

*léh₂-ye-ti (full-grade ye-present)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ráHyati
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ráHyati
    - Sanskrit: रायति (rā́yati)
  - Proto-Iranian: *ráHyati
    - Avestan: 𐬭𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬧𐬙 (raiiaṇt, “shouting”)
*l̥h₂-lo-
- Proto-Hellenic: *lálos
  - Ancient Greek: λᾰ́λος (lálos)
*leh₂-lo-
- Proto-Italic: *lālo-
  - ⇒ Latin: lallō
*leh₂-ro-
- Proto-Hellenic: *lāros
  - Ancient Greek: λῆρος (lêros)
*leh₂-mn̥-to-
- Proto-Italic: *lāmentom
  - Latin: lāmentum
*leh₂-tro-
- Proto-Italic: *lātrom
  - ⇒ Latin: lātrō
Unsorted formations:
- Albanian:
  - Proto-Albanian: *lah-
    - Albanian: leh
- Balto-Slavic:
  - Proto-Balto-Slavic: *lā́ˀtei (see there for further descendants)

Root

*leh₂-[2]

to be concealed

Extensions

*leh₂-dʰ-
- *leh₂-dʰ-e-ti
  - Proto-Hellenic: *lā́tʰō
    - Ancient Greek: λᾱ́θω (lā́thō), λήθω (lḗthō)
- *l̥h₂-n̥-dʰ-
  - Proto-Hellenic: *lantʰánō
    - Ancient Greek: λανθάνω (lanthánō)
- *leh₂-dʰ-os ~ *leh₂-dʰ-es-
  - Proto-Hellenic: *lā́tʰos
    - Ancient Greek: λᾶθος (lâthos), λῆθος (lêthos)
- *leh₂-dʰ-eh₂
  - Proto-Hellenic: *lā́tʰā
    - Ancient Greek: λήθη (lḗthē)
- *leh₂-dʰ-ro-
  - Proto-Hellenic: *lā́tʰrā
    - Ancient Greek: λάθρῃ (láthrēi)
- Unsorted formations:
  - Proto-Hellenic:
    - Ancient Greek: λαθι(κηδής) (lathi(kēdḗs))

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *leh₂- (concealed)‎ (13 c, 0 e)

*l̥h₂-tós (“hidden”)
- ⇒ Proto-Italic: *latēō (“be hidden”)
  - Latin: lateō (see there for further descendants)
Unsorted formations:
- Anatolian:
  - Hittite: 𒌋𒆷𒂊 (u-la-e)
- Balto-Slavic:
  - Slavic:
    - Old Church Slavonic: лаяти (lajati, “to lie in wait for”)
    - Czech: lákat (“make advances, pursue”)
- Germanic:
  - Old Norse: lómr (“betrayal, deceit”)
  - Old High German luog (“cave”)
    - Middle High German: luo (“lair of an animal”)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *láyatay
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *láyatay
    - Sanskrit: लयते (láyate)
- Tocharian:
  - Tocharian A: lät (“go after”)
  - Tocharian B: lät (“go after”)

References

De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

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[1] De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

[2] De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN