kashifu

Swahili

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic كَشَّفَ (kaššafa). See kashfa for the semantic shift.

Verb

-kashifu (infinitive kukashifu)

  1. to defame, slander

Conjugation
Conjugation of -kashifu
Positive present -nakashifu
Subjunctive -kashifu
Negative -kashifu
Imperative singular kashifu
Infinitives
Positive kukashifu
Negative kutokashifu
Imperatives
Singular kashifu
Plural kashifuni
Tensed forms
Habitual hukashifu
Positive past positive subject concord + -likashifu
Negative past negative subject concord + -kukashifu
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nakashifu)
Singular Plural
1st person ninakashifu/nakashifu tunakashifu
2nd person unakashifu mnakashifu
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anakashifu wanakashifu
other classes positive subject concord + -nakashifu
Negative present (negative subject concord + -kashifu)
Singular Plural
1st person sikashifu hatukashifu
2nd person hukashifu hamkashifu
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hakashifu hawakashifu
other classes negative subject concord + -kashifu
Positive future positive subject concord + -takashifu
Negative future negative subject concord + -takashifu
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -kashifu)
Singular Plural
1st person nikashifu tukashifu
2nd person ukashifu mkashifu
3rd person m-wa(I/II) akashifu wakashifu
other classes positive subject concord + -kashifu
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sikashifu
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngekashifu
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singekashifu
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalikashifu
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalikashifu
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -akashifu)
Singular Plural
1st person nakashifu twakashifu
2nd person wakashifu mwakashifu
3rd person m-wa(I/II) akashifu wakashifu
m-mi(III/IV) wakashifu yakashifu
ji-ma(V/VI) lakashifu yakashifu
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chakashifu vyakashifu
n(IX/X) yakashifu zakashifu
u(XI) wakashifu see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwakashifu
pa(XVI) pakashifu
mu(XVIII) mwakashifu
Perfect positive subject concord + -mekashifu
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshakashifu
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jakashifu
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kikashifu
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipokashifu
Consecutive kakashifu / positive subject concord + -kakashifu
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kakashifu
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nikashifu -tukashifu
2nd person -kukashifu -wakashifu/-kukashifuni/-wakashifuni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mkashifu -wakashifu
m-mi(III/IV) -ukashifu -ikashifu
ji-ma(V/VI) -likashifu -yakashifu
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kikashifu -vikashifu
n(IX/X) -ikashifu -zikashifu
u(XI) -ukashifu see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kukashifu
pa(XVI) -pakashifu
mu(XVIII) -mukashifu
Reflexive -jikashifu
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -kashifu- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -kashifuye -kashifuo
m-mi(III/IV) -kashifuo -kashifuyo
ji-ma(V/VI) -kashifulo -kashifuyo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kashifucho -kashifuvyo
n(IX/X) -kashifuyo -kashifuzo
u(XI) -kashifuo see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kashifuko
pa(XVI) -kashifupo
mu(XVIII) -kashifumo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -kashifu)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yekashifu -okashifu
m-mi(III/IV) -okashifu -yokashifu
ji-ma(V/VI) -lokashifu -yokashifu
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chokashifu -vyokashifu
n(IX/X) -yokashifu -zokashifu
u(XI) -okashifu see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kokashifu
pa(XVI) -pokashifu
mu(XVIII) -mokashifu
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms
  • kashfa (“scandal; slander, libel, insult”)
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