hangen
Dutch
Etymology
From a merger of two distinct verbs:
- Middle Dutch haen, from Old Dutch hān, from Proto-West Germanic *hą̄han, from Proto-Germanic *hanhaną (transitive, strong class 7).
- Middle Dutch hangen, from Old Dutch hangon, from Proto-West Germanic *hangēn, from Proto-Germanic *hangāną (intransitive, weak class 3).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɦɑŋə(n)/
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: han‧gen
- Rhymes: -ɑŋən
Verb
hangen
- (intransitive) to hang
- Het schilderij hangt aan de muur.
- The painting hangs on the wall.
- (transitive) to hang
- Hij hangt het schilderij aan de muur.
- He hangs the painting on the wall.
Inflection
Conjugation of hangen (strong class 7) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | hangen | |||
past singular | hing | |||
past participle | gehangen | |||
infinitive | hangen | |||
gerund | hangen n | |||
present tense | past tense | |||
1st person singular | hang | hing | ||
2nd person sing. (jij) | hangt | hing | ||
2nd person sing. (u) | hangt | hing | ||
2nd person sing. (gij) | hangt | hingt | ||
3rd person singular | hangt | hing | ||
plural | hangen | hingen | ||
subjunctive sing.1 | hange | hinge | ||
subjunctive plur.1 | hangen | hingen | ||
imperative sing. | hang | |||
imperative plur.1 | hangt | |||
participles | hangend | gehangen | ||
1) Archaic. |
Derived terms
- aaneenhangen
- aanhangen
- afhangen
- behangen
- bijhangen
- blijven hangen
- buitenhangen
- de vuile was buiten hangen
- doorhangen
- hanger
- hangjongere
- klaarhangen
- loshangen
- neerhangen
- omhangen
- omhooghangen
- omlaaghangen
- openhangen
- ophangen
- overhangen
- rondhangen
- samenhangen
- uithangen
- verhangen
- volhangen
- voorhangen
- weghangen
Finnish
German
Etymology
From Middle High German hangen, from Old High German hangen, from Proto-West Germanic *hangēn, from Proto-Germanic *hangāną.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /haŋən/
- Rhymes: -aŋn̩
- Hyphenation: han‧gen
Verb
hangen
- (archaic except Switzerland or Southern Germany, intransitive, transitive) Alternative form of hängen (“to hang”)
- 1843, Brothers Grimm, “Die Gänsemagd”, in Kinder- und Haus-Märchen, Band 2, 5th edition, page 18:
- „o du Falada, da du hangest,“
da antwortete der Kopf
„o du Jungfer Königin, da du gangest,
wenn das deine Mutter wüßte,
ihr Herz thät ihr zerspringen.“- "Falada, Falada, there thou art hanging!"
and the head answered,
"Bride, bride, there thou art ganging!
Alas! alas! if thy mother knew it,
Sadly, sadly her heart would rue it."
- "Falada, Falada, there thou art hanging!"
- 1902, Gustav Falke, “Die Schnitterin”, in Hohe Sommertage:
- War einst ein Knecht, einer Witwe Sohn, —
Der hatte sich schwer vergangen.
Da sprach sein Herr: Du bekommst deinen Lohn,
Morgen musst du hangen.- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Derived terms
- Hangen und Bangen (“fear and trembling”)
Low German
Verb
hangen (third-person singular simple present hangt, past tense hung, past participle hungen or hangen, auxiliary verb hebben)
- (intransitive) to hang; to be suspended
- An wat hangen.
- To hang from something.
- (intransitive) to stick; to cling
- (intransitive, figuratively, with an) to be fond of, to feel strongly about
- Bochum ik hang an di.# (transitive) to hang
- Bochum, I'm fond of you.
- (transitive) to hang (something); to suspend (hängen is usually preferred in this sense)
- (transitive) to hang (someone), e.g. for a crime (hängen is usually preferred in this sense)
Usage notes
Hangen has a doublet with nearly the same meaning and usage, hängen. However, hangen is usually preferred in its intransitive meaning, while hängen is more commonly used as a transitive verb.
The weak past participle hangt is sometimes found instead of the more common forms hungen and hangen.
Conjugation
infinitive | hangen | |
---|---|---|
indicative | present | preterite |
1st person singular | hang | hung |
2nd person singular | hangs(t) | hungs(t) |
3rd person singular | hang(t) | hung |
plural | hangt, hangen | hungen |
imperative | present | — |
singular | hang | |
plural | hangt | |
participle | present | past |
hangen | (e)hungen/hangen, gehungen/hangen | |
Note: This conjugation is one of many; neither its grammar nor spelling apply to all dialects. |
Middle Dutch
Etymology
From a merger of two distinct verbs:
- Earlier hâen, from Old Dutch hān, from Proto-West Germanic *hą̄han (transitive, strong class 7).
- From Old Dutch hangon, from Proto-West Germanic *hangēn (intransitive, weak class 3).
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Alternative forms
Descendants
Further reading
- “hanghen (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “hangen”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “haen”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page haen
Middle English
Alternative forms
Etymology
Originally two distinct verbs:
- Old English hangian, from Proto-West Germanic *hangēn, from Proto-Germanic *hangāną.
- Old English hōn, from Proto-West Germanic *hą̄han, from Proto-Germanic *hanhaną.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈhanɡən/, /ˈhaːnɡən/, /ˈhɔnɡən/, /ˈhɔːnɡən/
Conjugation
infinitive | (to) hangen, hange | ||
---|---|---|---|
present tense | past tense | ||
1st-person singular | hange | heng, hanged | |
2nd-person singular | hangest | henge, heng, hangedest | |
3rd-person singular | hangeth | heng, hanged | |
subjunctive singular | hange | henge1, hanged1 | |
imperative singular | — | ||
plural2 | hangen, hange | hengen, henge, hangeden, hangede | |
imperative plural | hangeth, hange | — | |
participles | hangynge, hangende | hangen, hange, hanged, yhanged |
1Replaced by the indicative in later Middle English.
2Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.
References
- “hō̆ngen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Old High German
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *hangēn.
Conjugation
infinitive | hangēn | |
---|---|---|
indicative | present | past |
1st person singular | hangēm, hangēn | hangēta |
2nd person singular | hangēs, hangēst | hangētōs, hangētōst |
3rd person singular | hangēt | hangēta |
1st person plural | hangēm, hangēmēs | hangētum, hangētumēs |
2nd person plural | hangēt | hangētut |
3rd person plural | hangēnt | hangētun |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st person singular | hange | hangēti |
2nd person singular | hangēs, hangēst | hangētīs, hangētīst |
3rd person singular | hange | hangēti |
1st person plural | hangēm, hangēmēs | hangētīm, hangētīmēs |
2nd person plural | hangēt | hangētīt |
3rd person plural | hangēn | hangētīn |
imperative | present | |
singular | hange | |
plural | hangēt | |
participle | present | past |
hangēnti | gihangēt |
Welsh
Pronunciation
- (North Wales, standard, colloquial) IPA(key): /ˈhaŋɛn/
- (North Wales, colloquial) IPA(key): /ˈhaŋan/
- (South Wales) IPA(key): /ˈhaŋɛn/