gozar

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese gozar (attested ca. 1300), from Old Spanish gozar, from Latin gaudium (“joy”). Compare Portuguese and Spanish gozar.

Pronunciation
 
  • IPA(key): (standard) /ɡoˈθaɾ/ [ɡoˈθaɾ]
  • IPA(key): (gheada) /ħoˈθaɾ/ [ħoˈθaɾ]
  • IPA(key): (gheada and seseo) /ħoˈsaɾ/ [ħoˈsaɾ]

  • Rhymes: -aɾ
  • Hyphenation: go‧zar

Verb

gozar (first-person singular present gozo, first-person singular preterite gocei, past participle gozado)
gozar (first-person singular present gozo, first-person singular preterite gozei, past participle gozado, reintegrationist norm)

  1. (transitive, intransitive) to enjoy
    Synonym: desfrutar
  2. to have fun, frolic
    Synonym: troulear

Conjugation
    Conjugation of gozar (c-z alternation)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu)		 Second-person
(ti)		 Third-person
(el / ela / Vde.)		 First-person
(nós)		 Second-person
(vós)		 Third-person
(eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal gozar
Personal gozar gozares gozar gozarmos gozardes gozaren
Gerund
gozando
Past participle
Masculine gozado gozados
Feminine gozada gozadas
Indicative
Present gozo gozas goza gozamos gozades gozan
Imperfect gozaba gozabas gozaba gozabamos gozabades gozaban
Preterite gocei gozaches gozou gozamos gozastes gozaron
Pluperfect gozara gozaras gozara gozaramos gozarades gozaran
Future gozarei gozarás gozará gozaremos gozaredes gozarán
Conditional gozaría gozarías gozaría gozariamos gozariades gozarían
Subjunctive
Present goce goces goce gocemos gocedes gocen
Imperfect gozase gozases gozase gozásemos gozásedes gozasen
Future gozar gozares gozar gozarmos gozardes gozaren
Imperative
Affirmative goza goce gocemos gozade gocen
Negative (non) non goces non goce non gocemos non gocedes non gocen
    Reintegrated conjugation of gozar (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu)		 Second-person
(ti / tu)		 Third-person
(ele / ela / você)		 First-person
(nós)		 Second-person
(vós)		 Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal gozar
Personal gozar gozares gozar gozarmos gozardes gozarem
Gerund
gozando
Past participle
Masculine gozado gozados
Feminine gozada gozadas
Indicative
Present gozo gozas goza gozamos gozades, gozais gozam
Imperfect gozava gozavas gozava gozávamos gozávades, gozáveis, gozávais1 gozavam
Preterite gozei gozaste, gozache1 gozou gozamos gozastes gozárom, gozaram
Pluperfect gozara gozaras gozara gozáramos gozárades, gozáreis, gozárais1 gozaram
Future gozarei gozarás gozará gozaremos gozaredes, gozareis gozarám, gozarão
Conditional gozaria gozarias gozaria gozaríamos gozaríades, gozaríeis, gozaríais1 gozariam
Subjunctive
Present goze gozes goze gozemos gozedes, gozeis gozem
Imperfect gozasse gozasses gozasse gozássemos gozássedes, gozásseis gozassem
Future gozar gozares gozar gozarmos gozardes gozarem
Imperative
Affirmative goza goze gozemos gozade, gozai gozem
Negative (nom) nom gozes nom goze nom gozemos nom gozedes, nom gozeis nom gozem

1Less recommended.

References
  • “gozar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
  • “goza” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
  • “gozar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
  • “gozar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, since 2012
  • “gozar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
  • “gozar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
  • “gozar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Ladino

Verb

gozar (Latin spelling)

  1. to enjoy

Portuguese

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese gozar, from Old Spanish gozar, from Latin gaudium (“joy”). Compare Galician and Spanish gozar.

Pronunciation
 
  • (Brazil) IPA(key): /ɡoˈza(ʁ)/ [ɡoˈza(h)]
    • (São Paulo) IPA(key): /ɡoˈza(ɾ)/
    • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /ɡoˈza(ʁ)/ [ɡoˈza(χ)]
    • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ɡoˈza(ɻ)/
 
  • (Portugal) IPA(key): /ɡuˈzaɾ/
    • (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /ɡuˈza.ɾi/

  • Hyphenation: go‧zar

Verb

gozar (first-person singular present gozo, first-person singular preterite gozei, past participle gozado)

  1. (transitive, intransitive) to enjoy
    Synonyms: aproveitar, desfrutar
    Gozas de uma boa saúde. ― You enjoy good health.
  2. (transitive with com or with no preposition) to mock (to make fun of someone)
    Synonyms: escarnecer, fazer piada, zombar
    Vocês estão me gozando? ― Are you making fun of me?
  3. (transitive) to joke
    Estou a gozar contigo. ― I'm joking.
  4. (Brazil, intransitive, slang, vulgar) to ejaculate; to cum; to have an orgasm
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:ejacular

Conjugation
    Conjugation of gozar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu)		 Second-person
(tu)		 Third-person
(ele / ela / você)		 First-person
(nós)		 Second-person
(vós)		 Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal gozar
Personal gozar gozares gozar gozarmos gozardes gozarem
Gerund
gozando
Past participle
Masculine gozado gozados
Feminine gozada gozadas
Indicative
Present gozo gozas goza gozamos gozais gozam
Imperfect gozava gozavas gozava gozávamos gozáveis gozavam
Preterite gozei gozaste gozou gozamos1, gozámos2 gozastes gozaram
Pluperfect gozara gozaras gozara gozáramos gozáreis gozaram
Future gozarei gozarás gozará gozaremos gozareis gozarão
Conditional gozaria gozarias gozaria gozaríamos gozaríeis gozariam
Subjunctive
Present goze gozes goze gozemos gozeis gozem
Imperfect gozasse gozasses gozasse gozássemos gozásseis gozassem
Future gozar gozares gozar gozarmos gozardes gozarem
Imperative
Affirmative goza goze gozemos gozai gozem
Negative (não) não gozes não goze não gozemos não gozeis não gozem

1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.

Spanish

Etymology

From Old Spanish gozar, from gozo (“joy”) +‎ -ar (verb-forming suffix). Compare Asturian gociar.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): (Spain) /ɡoˈθaɾ/ [ɡoˈθaɾ]
  • IPA(key): (Latin America) /ɡoˈsaɾ/ [ɡoˈsaɾ]
  • Rhymes: -aɾ
  • Syllabification: go‧zar

Verb

gozar (first-person singular present gozo, first-person singular preterite gocé, past participle gozado)

  1. to enjoy oneself
    Synonym: disfrutar
  2. to enjoy

Conjugation
    Conjugation of gozar (c-z alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
infinitive gozar
gerund gozando
past participle masculine feminine
singular gozado gozada
plural gozados gozadas
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present gozo gozastú
gozásvos		 goza gozamos gozáis gozan
imperfect gozaba gozabas gozaba gozábamos gozabais gozaban
preterite gocé gozaste gozó gozamos gozasteis gozaron
future gozaré gozarás gozará gozaremos gozaréis gozarán
conditional gozaría gozarías gozaría gozaríamos gozaríais gozarían
subjunctive yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present goce gocestú
gocésvos2		 goce gocemos gocéis gocen
imperfect
(ra)		 gozara gozaras gozara gozáramos gozarais gozaran
imperfect
(se)		 gozase gozases gozase gozásemos gozaseis gozasen
future1 gozare gozares gozare gozáremos gozareis gozaren
imperative — tú
vos		 usted nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ustedes
affirmative gozatú
gozávos		 goce gocemos gozad gocen
negative no goces no goce no gocemos no gocéis no gocen

1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of gozar (c-z alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
with infinitive gozar
dative gozarme gozarte gozarle, gozarse gozarnos gozaros gozarles, gozarse
accusative gozarme gozarte gozarlo, gozarla, gozarse gozarnos gozaros gozarlos, gozarlas, gozarse
with gerund gozando
dative gozándome gozándote gozándole, gozándose gozándonos gozándoos gozándoles, gozándose
accusative gozándome gozándote gozándolo, gozándola, gozándose gozándonos gozándoos gozándolos, gozándolas, gozándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative goza
dative gózame gózate gózale gózanos not used gózales
accusative gózame gózate gózalo, gózala gózanos not used gózalos, gózalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative gozá
dative gozame gozate gozale gozanos not used gozales
accusative gozame gozate gozalo, gozala gozanos not used gozalos, gozalas
with formal second-person singular imperative goce
dative góceme not used gócele, gócese gócenos not used góceles
accusative góceme not used gócelo, gócela, gócese gócenos not used gócelos, gócelas
with first-person plural imperative gocemos
dative not used gocémoste gocémosle gocémonos gocémoos gocémosles
accusative not used gocémoste gocémoslo, gocémosla gocémonos gocémoos gocémoslos, gocémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative gozad
dative gozadme not used gozadle gozadnos gozaos gozadles
accusative gozadme not used gozadlo, gozadla gozadnos gozaos gozadlos, gozadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative gocen
dative gócenme not used gócenle gócennos not used gócenles, gócense
accusative gócenme not used gócenlo, gócenla gócennos not used gócenlos, gócenlas, gócense

Derived terms

Descendants
  • → Sardinian: gosare, gosai

Further reading
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