epēšum

Akkadian
Root
'-p-š
1 term

Etymology

From Proto-Semitic *ḥapaś- (to search, gather). Cognate with Arabic حَفَشَ (ḥafaša, “to gather”) and Biblical Hebrew חָפַשׂ (ḥɔp̄áś, “to search”).

Pronunciation

Verb

epēšum (G, e-u or u, durative ippeš or ippuš, perfect ītepeš or ītepuš, preterite īpuš, imperative epuš) (from Old Assyrian/Old Babylonian on)

  1. (intransitive) to act, behave, proceed, be(come) active
  2. (transitive) to do, make, build, manufacture
  3. (transitive) to do, carry out, excercise (a function), used mainly in idiomatic phrases.

Usage notes

The class u inflection appears in later Babylonian texts.

Conjugation
Conjugation
Infinitive epēšum
Participle ēpišum
Adjective epšum
Active Durative Perfect Preterite Imperative
1.sg eppeš ētepeš ēpuš lūpuš
2.sg m teppeš tētepeš tēpuš epuš
f teppešī tētepšī tēpušī epšī
3.sg ippeš ītepeš īpuš līpuš
1.pl nippeš nītepeš nīpuš i nīpuš
2.pl teppešā tētepšā tēpušā epšā
3.pl m ippešū ītepšū īpušū līpušū
f ippešā ītepšā īpušā līpušā
This table gives Old Babylonian inflection. For conjugation in other dialects, see Appendix:Akkadian dialectal conjugation.

Alternative forms
Cuneiform spellings
Logograms Phonetic
  • 𒆕 (DU₃)
  • 𒀝 (AK, AG) (occasionally)
  • 𒄀 (GI) (occasionally)
  • 𒂊𒉿𒋗 (e-pe-šu)
  • 𒂊𒉿𒋙 (e-pe-šu₂)

Derived terms
  • epištum (“deed”)
  • epšum (“built; prepared; cultivated”)
  • ipšum (“action; sorcery”)
  • ēpišum (“builder, artisan; sorcerer”)

References
  • “epēšu”, in The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD)‎, Chicago: University of Chicago Oriental Institute, 1956–2011
  • Black, Jeremy, George, Andrew, Postgate, Nicholas (2000) “epēšu(m)”, in A Concise Dictionary of Akkadian, 2nd corrected edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag
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