czar

See also: Czar

English

Etymology

See tsar. The spelling czar, the older spelling in English, comes from Sigismund von Herberstein's Rerum Moscoviticarum Commentarii ("Notes on Muscovite Affairs") of 1549. The alternative tsar began to replace it in the 19th century.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /zɑː(ɹ)/, /tsɑː(ɹ)/
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)

Noun

czar (plural czars)

  1. Alternative spelling of tsar (especially common in American English)
    • 1555, Peter Martyr d’Anghiera, translated by Richard Eden, The decades of the newe worlde or west India‎, London: William Powell, page 290:
      Note therfore that Czar in the Ruthens tounge signifieth a kynge, wheras in the language of the Slauons, Pollons, Bohemes, and other, the same woorde Czar, signifieth Cesar by whiche name Themperours haue byn commonly cauled.
  2. (informal, US politics, Philippine politics) An appointed official tasked to regulate or oversee a specific area.
    drug czar
    cyberczar
    • 2020 May 8, Jayne O'Donnell, “'Deaths of despair': Coronavirus pandemic could push suicide, drug deaths as high as 150k, study says”, in USA Today‎, archived from the original on 9 May 2020:
      The federal mental health czar is calling for more money to expand services to help people suffering amid the social isolation imposed by the coronavirus pandemic […]

Derived terms

Anagrams

French
"À sa Majesté Alexandre III Czar de toutes les Russies", Marche Russe by Louis Ganne

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /tsaʁ/
  • Audio(file)

Noun

czar m (plural czars)

  1. Archaic spelling of tsar.

Further reading

Polish

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /t͡ʂar/
  • Audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -ar
  • Syllabification: czar

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *čarъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ker-, *kēr-, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷer-.

Noun

czar m inan

  1. spell (magic)
    Synonyms: zaklęcie, urok
  2. allure, charm (quality of inspiring delight or admiration)
    Synonym: urok
Declension
Declension of czar
singular plural
nominative czar czary
genitive czaru czarów
dative czarowi czarom
accusative czar czary
instrumental czarem czarami
locative czarze czarach
vocative czarze czary

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

czar

  1. genitive plural of czara

Further reading
  • czar in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • czar in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • Wanda Decyk-Zięba, editor (2018-2022), “czar”, in Dydaktyczny Słownik Etymologiczno-historyczny Języka Polskiego [A Didactic, Historical, Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), →ISBN

Portuguese
czar

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Russian царь (carʹ), from Old East Slavic цьсарь (cĭsarĭ), from Old Church Slavonic цѣсарь (cěsarĭ), from Proto-Slavic *cěsařь, from a Germanic language, from Proto-Germanic *kaisaraz, from Latin Caesar. Doublet of César and kaiser.

Pronunciation
 
  • (Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈtsaʁ/ [ˈtsah], /ˈkzaʁ/ [ˈkzah], /kiˈzaʁ/ [kiˈzah]
    • (São Paulo) IPA(key): /ˈtsaɾ/, /ˈkzaɾ/, /kiˈzaɾ/
    • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /ˈtsaʁ/ [ˈtsaχ], /ˈkzaʁ/ [ˈkzaχ], /kiˈzaʁ/ [kiˈzaχ]
    • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈtsaɻ/, /ˈkzaɻ/
 
  • (Portugal) IPA(key): /ˈkzaɾ/
    • (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /ˈkza.ɾi/

Noun

czar m (plural czares, feminine czarina, feminine plural czarinas)

  1. tsar
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