< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kaisaraz
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
Borrowed at a post-Proto-Germanic stage from Latin Caesar. According to Ringe, the Gothic 𐌺𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌰𐍂 (kaisar) is an independent borrowing.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkɑi̯.sɑ.rɑz/
Inflection
| masculine a-stemDeclension of *kaisaraz (masculine a-stem) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | *kaisaraz | *kaisarōz, *kaisarōs | |
| vocative | *kaisar | *kaisarōz, *kaisarōs | |
| accusative | *kaisarą | *kaisaranz | |
| genitive | *kaisaras, *kaisaris | *kaisarǫ̂ | |
| dative | *kaisarai | *kaisaramaz | |
| instrumental | *kaisarō | *kaisaramiz | |
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *kaisar
- Old Norse: kjárr
- → Proto-Slavic: *cěsařь (from an uncertain Germanic language; not directly from Proto-Germanic) (see there for further descendants)
Further reading
- Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 296
- Ringe, Don with Ann Taylor (2014) The Development of Old English: a Linguistic History of English, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 136
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