chagar

Galician

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese chagar (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin plāgāre. Compare Portuguese chagar and Spanish llagar.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [t͡ʃaˈɣaɾ]

Verb

chagar (first-person singular present chago, first-person singular preterite chaguei, past participle chagado)

  1. to wound
    • 1420, Á. Rodríguez González (ed.), Libro do Concello de Santiago (1416-1422). Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 237:
      enferindose e chagando huus aos outros
      injuring and wounding each other
    Synonym: ferir

Conjugation
    Conjugation of chagar (g-gu alternation)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu)		 Second-person
(ti)		 Third-person
(el / ela / Vde.)		 First-person
(nós)		 Second-person
(vós)		 Third-person
(eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal chagar
Personal chagar chagares chagar chagarmos chagardes chagaren
Gerund
chagando
Past participle
Masculine chagado chagados
Feminine chagada chagadas
Indicative
Present chago chagas chaga chagamos chagades chagan
Imperfect chagaba chagabas chagaba chagabamos chagabades chagaban
Preterite chaguei chagaches chagou chagamos chagastes chagaron
Pluperfect chagara chagaras chagara chagaramos chagarades chagaran
Future chagarei chagarás chagará chagaremos chagaredes chagarán
Conditional chagaría chagarías chagaría chagariamos chagariades chagarían
Subjunctive
Present chague chagues chague chaguemos chaguedes chaguen
Imperfect chagase chagases chagase chagásemos chagásedes chagasen
Future chagar chagares chagar chagarmos chagardes chagaren
Imperative
Affirmative chaga chague chaguemos chagade chaguen
Negative (non) non chagues non chague non chaguemos non chaguedes non chaguen
    Reintegrated conjugation of chagar (g-gu alternation) (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu)		 Second-person
(ti / tu)		 Third-person
(ele / ela / você)		 First-person
(nós)		 Second-person
(vós)		 Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal chagar
Personal chagar chagares chagar chagarmos chagardes chagarem
Gerund
chagando
Past participle
Masculine chagado chagados
Feminine chagada chagadas
Indicative
Present chago chagas chaga chagamos chagades, chagais chagam
Imperfect chagava chagavas chagava chagávamos chagávades, chagáveis, chagávais1 chagavam
Preterite chaguei chagaste, chagache1 chagou chagamos chagastes chagárom, chagaram
Pluperfect chagara chagaras chagara chagáramos chagárades, chagáreis, chagárais1 chagaram
Future chagarei chagarás chagará chagaremos chagaredes, chagareis chagarám, chagarão
Conditional chagaria chagarias chagaria chagaríamos chagaríades, chagaríeis, chagaríais1 chagariam
Subjunctive
Present chague chagues chague chaguemos chaguedes, chagueis chaguem
Imperfect chagasse chagasses chagasse chagássemos chagássedes, chagásseis chagassem
Future chagar chagares chagar chagarmos chagardes chagarem
Imperative
Affirmative chaga chague chaguemos chagade, chagai chaguem
Negative (nom) nom chagues nom chague nom chaguemos nom chaguedes, nom chagueis nom chaguem

1Less recommended.

References
  • “chagar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
  • “chagar” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
  • “chagar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
  • “chagar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, since 2012
  • “chagar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.

Old Galician-Portuguese

Etymology

Inherited from Latin plāgāre (“to strike”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /t͡ʃa.ˈɡaɾ/
  • Rhymes: -aɾ

Verb

chagar

  1. to wound, to injure

Conjugation
    Conjugation of chagar
infinitive simple chagar
compound infinitive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
gerund simple chagando
compound gerund of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
past participle singular plural
masculine chagado chagada
feminine chagados chagadas
present participle chagante chagantes
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative mood eu tu el~ele
ela
vossa mercee		 nos
nos outros
nos outras		 vos
vos outros
vos outras		 eles
elas
simple
tenses		 present chago chagas chaga chagamos chagades chagam3, chagan4
imperfect chagava chagavas chagava chagavamos chagavades chagavam3, chagavan4
preterite chaguei chagaste3, chagasche4 chagou chagamos chagastes chagarom3, chagaron4
pluperfect chagara chagaras chagara chagaramos chagarades chagaram3, chagaran4
future chagarei chagarás chagará chagaremos chagaredes chagarám3, chagarán4
conditional chagaría chagarías chagaría chagariamos chagariades chagaríam3, chagarían4
compound
tenses		 present perfect present of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
present imperfect imperfect of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
past anterior preterite of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
pluperfect simple pluperfect of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
future perfect future of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
subjunctive mood eu tu el~ele
ela
vossa mercee		 nos
nos outros
nos outras		 vos
vos outros
vos outras		 eles
elas
simple
tenses		 present chague chagues chague chaguemos chaguedes chaguem3, chaguen4
preterite chagasse chagasses chagasse chagássemos chagássedes chagassem3, chagassen4
future chagar chagares chagar chagarmos chagardes chagarem3, chagaren4
compound
tenses		 present perfect present subjunctive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
pluperfect preterite subjunctive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
future perfect future subjunctive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
imperative mood — tu vossa mercee nos
nos outros
nos outras		 vos
vos outros
vos outras		 —
affirmative — chaga chague chaguemos chagade —
negative — non chagues non chague non chaguemos non chaguedes —
personal infinitive eu tu el~ele
ela
vossa mercee		 nos
nos outros
nos outras		 vos
vos outros
vos outras		 eles
elas
chagar chagares chagar chagarmos chagardes chagarem3, chagaren4

1 Its alternative form aver can be used as well.

2 Teer and ter were used too, though all 3 were less common than forms of "haver".

3 Less common in Galicia

4 Less common in Portugal

    Descendants
    • Galician: chagar
    • Portuguese: chagar

    Further reading

    Portuguese

    Etymology

    Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese chagar, from Latin plāgāre. Compare Galician chagar and Spanish llagar.

    Pronunciation
     
    • (Brazil) IPA(key): /ʃaˈɡa(ʁ)/ [ʃaˈɡa(h)]
      • (São Paulo) IPA(key): /ʃaˈɡa(ɾ)/
      • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /ʃaˈɡa(ʁ)/ [ʃaˈɡa(χ)]
      • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ʃaˈɡa(ɻ)/
     
    • (Portugal) IPA(key): /ʃɐˈɡaɾ/ [ʃɐˈɣaɾ]
      • (Northern Portugal) IPA(key): /t͡ʃɐˈɡaɾ/ [t͡ʃɐˈɣaɾ]
      • (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /ʃɐˈɡa.ɾi/ [ʃɐˈɣa.ɾi]

    • Hyphenation: cha‧gar

    Verb

    chagar (first-person singular present chago, first-person singular preterite chaguei, past participle chagado)

    1. (transitive) to ulcerate
      Synonym: ulcerar
    2. (transitive) to wound, to injure
      Synonym: ferir

    Conjugation
        Conjugation of chagar (g-gu alternation) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
    Singular Plural
    First-person
    (eu)    		 Second-person
    (tu)    		 Third-person
    (ele / ela / você)    		 First-person
    (nós)    		 Second-person
    (vós)    		 Third-person
    (eles / elas / vocês)
    Infinitive
    Impersonal chagar
    Personal chagar chagares chagar chagarmos chagardes chagarem
    Gerund
    chagando
    Past participle
    Masculine chagado chagados
    Feminine chagada chagadas
    Indicative
    Present chago chagas chaga chagamos chagais chagam
    Imperfect chagava chagavas chagava chagávamos chagáveis chagavam
    Preterite chaguei chagaste chagou chagamos1, chagámos2 chagastes chagaram
    Pluperfect chagara chagaras chagara chagáramos chagáreis chagaram
    Future chagarei chagarás chagará chagaremos chagareis chagarão
    Conditional chagaria chagarias chagaria chagaríamos chagaríeis chagariam
    Subjunctive
    Present chague chagues chague chaguemos chagueis chaguem
    Imperfect chagasse chagasses chagasse chagássemos chagásseis chagassem
    Future chagar chagares chagar chagarmos chagardes chagarem
    Imperative
    Affirmative chaga chague chaguemos chagai chaguem
    Negative (não) não chagues não chague não chaguemos não chagueis não chaguem

    1Brazilian Portuguese.
    2European Portuguese.

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