brennen
See also: Brennen
German
Etymology
A merger of Old High German brennan (from Proto-Germanic *brannijaną), and Old High German brinnan (from Proto-Germanic *brinnaną). Cognate with Bavarian brenna, Dutch branden, Swedish brinna, Icelandic brenna, Old English birnan, and therefore English burn.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbʁɛnən/
Audio (file) Audio (file) - Hyphenation: bren‧nen
Verb
brennen (irregular weak, third-person singular present brennt, past tense brannte, past participle gebrannt, past subjunctive brennte, auxiliary haben)
- (intransitive) to burn; to light on fire
- Ich beobachtete, wie das Haus brannte. ― I watched the house burn.
- Es brennt! ― There is a fire!
- (intransitive) to burn; to be on fire
- Mein Haus brennt! ― My house is on fire!
- Trockenes Holz brennt am besten. ― Dry wood burns best.
- (intransitive) to have a strong affection for; to be affectionate
- Ich brenne darauf sie zu besuchen! ― I would really like to visit her.
- (intransitive) to be lit, to be on (of a light or lamp)
- Das Licht in der Küche brannte noch immer. ― The light in the kitchen was still on.
- (intransitive) to irritate; to induce pain or another painful sensation; to bite; to sting
- Die Zwiebeln brennen in meinen Augen! ― The onions sting in my eyes!
- Dieser Senf brennt wie Teufel auf meiner Zunge! ― This mustard bites my tongue like hell!
- (intransitive) to smart; to sting (a sore or wound)
- (transitive) to fire; to bake; to kiln (tiles and pottery)
- Dachziegel werden im Brennofen gebrannt. ― Tiles are baked in a kiln.
- Nach drei Tagen kann die Vase gebrannt werden. ― The vase can be fired after three days.
- Keramikwaren müssen gebrannt werden, bevor sie genutzt werden können. ― Pottery needs to be fired before one can use it.
- (transitive) to distil (alcoholic beverages such as schnapps)
- Synonym: destillieren
- (transitive, computing) to burn; to archive data on a storage medium. (such as CDs, DVDs, etc.)
- Kannst du mir 'Das weiße Album' von den Beatles brennen? ― Can you burn 'The White Album' from The Beatles for me?
- (intransitive, figuratively) to emit heat
- Die Sonne brannte auf sie herab. ― The sun was shining upon them with great heat.
- to roast
- to bream (clean a ship etc. by fire and scraping)
- (Austria, informal) to fork out, to shell out
Conjugation
| infinitive | brennen | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | brennend | ||||
| past participle | gebrannt | ||||
| auxiliary | haben | ||||
| indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
| present | ich brenne | wir brennen | i | ich brenne | wir brennen |
| du brennst | ihr brennt | du brennest | ihr brennet | ||
| er brennt | sie brennen | er brenne | sie brennen | ||
| preterite | ich brannte | wir brannten | ii | ich brennte1 | wir brennten1 |
| du branntest | ihr branntet | du brenntest1 | ihr brenntet1 | ||
| er brannte | sie brannten | er brennte1 | sie brennten1 | ||
| imperative | brenn (du) brenne (du) |
brennt (ihr) | |||
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Derived terms
Related terms
- Brennen
- brennend, gebrannt
- Brand m, Branntwein m
- Brennpunkt m
- abbrennen, anbrennen, durchbrennen, einbrennen, niederbrennen, wegbrennen
- brinnen
Further reading
- “brennen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- “brennen” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
- “brennen” in Duden online
- “brennen” in OpenThesaurus.de
- Friedrich Kluge (1883) “brennen”, in John Francis Davis, transl., Etymological Dictionary of the German Language, published 1891
Luxembourgish
Etymology
From Middle High German brinnen, from Old High German brinnan, from Proto-West Germanic *brinnan.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbʀænen/, [ˈbʀænən]
- Rhymes: -ænən
Conjugation
| Regular | ||
|---|---|---|
| infinitive | brennen | |
| participle | gebrannt | |
| auxiliary | hunn | |
| present indicative |
imperative | |
| 1st singular | brennen | — |
| 2nd singular | brenns | brenn |
| 3rd singular | brennt | — |
| 1st plural | brennen | — |
| 2nd plural | brennt | brennt |
| 3rd plural | brennen | — |
| (n) or (nn) indicates the Eifeler Regel. | ||
Derived terms
- abrennen
- ausbrennen
- ubrennen
- verbrennen
Old Dutch
Etymology
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Descendants
Further reading
- “brennen”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012
Old High German
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *brannijan, from Proto-Germanic *brannijaną. Cognate with Old English bærnan, Old Saxon brinnan, Old Norse brenna.
Conjugation
Conjugation of brennen (weak class 1)
| infinitive | brennen | |
|---|---|---|
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st person singular | brennu | branta |
| 2nd person singular | brennis, brennist | brantōs, brenntōst |
| 3rd person singular | brennit | branta |
| 1st person plural | brennem, brennemēs | brantum, brantumēs |
| 2nd person plural | brennet | brantut |
| 3rd person plural | brennent | brantun |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st person singular | brenne | branti |
| 2nd person singular | brennēs, brennēst | brantīs, brantīst |
| 3rd person singular | brenne | branti |
| 1st person plural | brennēm, brennēn, brennemēs | brantīm, brantīn, brantīmēs |
| 2nd person plural | brennēt | brantīt |
| 3rd person plural | brennēn | brantīn |
| imperative | present | |
| singular | brenni | |
| plural | brennet | |
| participle | present | past |
| brennenti | gibrant | |
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