bolg

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish bolg, from Proto-Celtic *bolgos.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈbˠɔl̪ˠəɡ/, /ˈbˠɔlˠəɡ/[1]
  • (Aran) IPA(key): /ˈbˠɔlək/[2]

Noun

bolg m (genitive singular boilg, nominative plural boilg)

  1. belly, stomach, abdomen
  2. (by extension) bellyful
  3. (geology, astronomy, etc.) bulge, broad part, middle (of equator, galaxy, etc.)
  4. bag
  5. (nautical) hold (of ship)
  6. (nautical) bunt, belly (of sail)

Declension
Declension of bolg

First declension

Bare forms:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative bolg boilg
Vocative a bhoilg a bholga
Genitive boilg bolg
Dative bolg boilg

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an bolg na boilg
Genitive an bhoilg na mbolg
Dative leis an mbolg

don bholg

 leis na boilg

Derived terms
  • ar bholg an chuain (“in the open harbour”)
  • ar bholg na sráide (“in the open street”)
  • banda boilg (“belly-band”)
  • boilg m pl (“bellows”)
  • boilg an daorghalair (“haemorrhoids”)
  • boilg fola (“glanders”)
  • boilg gabha (“smith's bellows”)
  • boilg leanna (“waters”)
  • bolg bairille (“bilge of barrel”)
  • bolg béice (“puff-ball”)
  • bolg lampa (“bowl of lamp”)
  • bolg le gréin (“sunbathing”)
  • bolg loinge (“hold of ship”)
  • bolg rite (“distended, full stomach”)
  • bolg saighead (“quiver”)
  • bolg seoil (“belly of sail”)
  • bolg snámha (“air-bladder”)
  • bolg soláthair (“corpus, miscellany”)
  • bolg stoca (“fat indolent person”)
  • bolgach
  • cos ar bolg (“oppression”)
  • crua sa bholg (“constipated”)
  • daigh bhoilg (“stomachache”)
  • do bholg a líonadh (“eat one's fill”)
  • fead bhoilg (“shrill sound in breathing”)
  • i mbolg an tsamhraidh (“during the longest days of the summer”)
  • i mbolg na bliana (“during the longest days of the year”)

Verb

bolg (present analytic bolgann, future analytic bolgfaidh, verbal noun bolgadh, past participle bolgtha) (transitive, intransitive)

  1. bulge
  2. blister

Conjugation
conjugation of bolg (first conjugation – A)
singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present bolgaim bolgann tú;
bolgair†		 bolgann sé, sí bolgaimid bolgann sibh bolgann siad;
bolgaid†		 a bholgann; a bholgas /
a mbolgann*; a mbolgas*		 bolgtar
past bholg mé; bholgas bholg tú; bholgais bholg sé, sí bholgamar; bholg muid bholg sibh; bholgabhair bholg siad; bholgadar a bholg /
ar bholg*		 bolgadh
past habitual bholgainn / mbolgainn‡‡ bholgtá / mbolgtᇇ bholgadh sé, sí / mbolgadh sé, s퇇 bholgaimis; bholgadh muid / mbolgaimis‡‡; mbolgadh muid‡‡ bholgadh sibh / mbolgadh sibh‡‡ bholgaidís; bholgadh siad / mbolgaidís‡‡; mbolgadh siad‡‡ a bholgadh /
a mbolgadh*		 bholgtaí / mbolgta퇇
future bolgfaidh mé;
bolgfad		 bolgfaidh tú;
bolgfair†		 bolgfaidh sé, sí bolgfaimid;
bolgfaidh muid		 bolgfaidh sibh bolgfaidh siad;
bolgfaid†		 a bholgfaidh; a bholgfas /
a mbolgfaidh*; a mbolgfas*		 bolgfar
conditional bholgfainn / mbolgfainn‡‡ bholgfá / mbolgfᇇ bholgfadh sé, sí / mbolgfadh sé, s퇇 bholgfaimis; bholgfadh muid / mbolgfaimis‡‡; mbolgfadh muid‡‡ bholgfadh sibh / mbolgfadh sibh‡‡ bholgfaidís; bholgfadh siad / mbolgfaidís‡‡; mbolgfadh siad‡‡ a bholgfadh /
a mbolgfadh*		 bholgfaí / mbolgfa퇇
subjunctive present go mbolga mé;
go mbolgad†		 go mbolga tú;
go mbolgair†		 go mbolga sé, sí go mbolgaimid;
go mbolga muid		 go mbolga sibh go mbolga siad;
go mbolgaid†		 — go mbolgtar
past dá mbolgainn dá mbolgtá dá mbolgadh sé, sí dá mbolgaimis;
dá mbolgadh muid		 dá mbolgadh sibh dá mbolgaidís;
dá mbolgadh siad		 — dá mbolgtaí
imperative bolgaim bolg bolgadh sé, sí bolgaimis bolgaigí;
bolgaidh†		 bolgaidís — bolgtar
verbal noun bolgadh
past participle bolgtha

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Descendants
  • →⇒? Yola: wurgheere

Mutation
Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
bolg bholg mbolg
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References
  1. Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 53
  2. Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 47

Further reading
  • Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “bolg”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
  • Entries containing “bolg” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
  • Entries containing “bolg” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.

Manx

Etymology

From Old Irish bolg, from Proto-Celtic *bolgos.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [bolɡ]

Noun

bolg m (genitive singular bolgey, plural builg)

  1. belly, stomach, abdomen, tummy
  2. corporation
  3. bilge
  4. bowl (of lamp)

Derived terms
  • bolgagh

Mutation
Manx mutation
RadicalLenitionEclipsis
bolgvolgmolg
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

Old Irish

Alternative forms

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /bolɡ/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Celtic *bolgos (“belly”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵʰ- (“to swell”).

Noun

bolg m (genitive builg, nominative plural builg)

  1. belly, stomach
  2. bag, satchel
  3. bellows
Inflection
Masculine o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative bolg bolgL builgL
Vocative builg bolgL bolguH
Accusative bolgN bolgL bolguH
Genitive builgL bolg bolgN
Dative bolgL bolgaib bolgaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization
Derived terms
  • airbolg
Descendants

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

bolg f (genitive unattested, nominative plural bolga)

  1. blister, bubble, puffball
  2. bud
  3. boss
Inflection
Feminine ā-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative bolgL builgL bolgaH
Vocative bolgL builgL bolgaH
Accusative builgN builgL bolgaH
Genitive builgeH bolgL bolgN
Dative builgL bolgaib bolgaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Mutation
Old Irish mutation
RadicalLenitionNasalization
bolg bolg
pronounced with /v(ʲ)-/		 mbolg
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.