adat
English
Etymology
Borrowed from Malay adat, from Classical Persian عادت ('ādat), from Arabic عَادَة (ʕāda, “habit, custom”), from the verb عَوْدَ (ʕawda, “to appertain, to be proper”).
Noun
adat (countable and uncountable, plural adats)
- Traditional custom or law, in Islamic parts of Southeast Asia. [from 18th c.]
- 2020, Sujit Sivasundaram, Waves Across the South, William Collins, published 2021, page 254:
- [T]he early-nineteenth-century Padri movement […] was an accelerated programme of religious renewal in West Sumatra, an attempt to cleanse Islam of adat or local customary law and practices.
Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈaː.dɑt/
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: adat
Noun
adat f or m (plural adats)
- (countable) a Malay or Indonesian legal tradition
- (uncountable) adat, traditional Malay law
- Synonym: adatrecht
Derived terms
- adatrecht
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈɒdɒt]
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: adat
- Rhymes: -ɒt
Etymology 1
From ad (“to give”) + -at (resultative noun-forming suffix).[1] Compare the derivation of Latin datum (“that which is given”).
Declension
Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | adat | adatok |
accusative | adatot | adatokat |
dative | adatnak | adatoknak |
instrumental | adattal | adatokkal |
causal-final | adatért | adatokért |
translative | adattá | adatokká |
terminative | adatig | adatokig |
essive-formal | adatként | adatokként |
essive-modal | adatul | — |
inessive | adatban | adatokban |
superessive | adaton | adatokon |
adessive | adatnál | adatoknál |
illative | adatba | adatokba |
sublative | adatra | adatokra |
allative | adathoz | adatokhoz |
elative | adatból | adatokból |
delative | adatról | adatokról |
ablative | adattól | adatoktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
adaté | adatoké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
adatéi | adatokéi |
Possessive forms of adat | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | adatom | adataim |
2nd person sing. | adatod | adataid |
3rd person sing. | adata | adatai |
1st person plural | adatunk | adataink |
2nd person plural | adatotok | adataitok |
3rd person plural | adatuk | adataik |
Derived terms
- adatol
- adatú
- adatállomány
- adatbank
- adatbázis
- adatfeldolgozás
- adathalászat
- adathordozó
- adatlap
- adatmennyiség
- adatmentés
- adattárház
- adattárolás
- adattípus
- adattudós
- adatvesztés
- adatvédelem
Conjugation
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | adatok | adatsz | adat | adatunk | adattok | adatnak | |
Def. | adatom | adatod | adatja | adatjuk | adatjátok | adatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | adatlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | adattam | adattál | adatott | adattunk | adattatok | adattak | ||
Def. | adattam | adattad | adatta | adattuk | adattátok | adatták | |||
2nd-p. o. | adattalak | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. adatni fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | adaték | adatál | adata | adatánk | adatátok | adatának | ||
Def. | adatám | adatád | adatá | adatánk | adatátok | adaták | |||
2nd-p. o. | adatálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. adat vala, adatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | adatandok | adatandasz | adatand | adatandunk | adatandotok | adatandanak | ||
Def. | adatandom | adatandod | adatandja | adatandjuk | adatandjátok | adatandják | |||
2nd-p. o. | adatandalak | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | adatnék | adatnál | adatna | adatnánk | adatnátok | adatnának | |
Def. | adatnám | adatnád | adatná | adatnánk (or adatnók) |
adatnátok | adatnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | adatnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. adatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | adassak | adass or adassál |
adasson | adassunk | adassatok | adassanak | |
Def. | adassam | adasd or adassad |
adassa | adassuk | adassátok | adassák | |||
2nd-p. o. | adassalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. adatott légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | adatni | adatnom | adatnod | adatnia | adatnunk | adatnotok | adatniuk | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
adatás | adató | adatott | adatandó | adatva (adatván) | |||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | adathatok | adathatsz | adathat | adathatunk | adathattok | adathatnak | |
Def. | adathatom | adathatod | adathatja | adathatjuk | adathatjátok | adathatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | adathatlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | adathattam | adathattál | adathatott | adathattunk | adathattatok | adathattak | ||
Def. | adathattam | adathattad | adathatta | adathattuk | adathattátok | adathatták | |||
2nd-p. o. | adathattalak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | adathaték | adathatál | adathata | adathatánk | adathatátok | adathatának | ||
Def. | adathatám | adathatád | adathatá | adathatánk | adathatátok | adathaták | |||
2nd-p. o. | adathatálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. adathat vala, adathatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | adathatandok or adatandhatok |
adathatandasz or adatandhatsz |
adathatand or adatandhat |
adathatandunk or adatandhatunk |
adathatandotok or adatandhattok |
adathatandanak or adatandhatnak | ||
Def. | adathatandom or adatandhatom |
adathatandod or adatandhatod |
adathatandja or adatandhatja |
adathatandjuk or adatandhatjuk |
adathatandjátok or adatandhatjátok |
adathatandják or adatandhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | adathatandalak or adatandhatlak |
― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | adathatnék | adathatnál | adathatna | adathatnánk | adathatnátok | adathatnának | |
Def. | adathatnám | adathatnád | adathatná | adathatnánk (or adathatnók) |
adathatnátok | adathatnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | adathatnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. adathatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | adathassak | adathass or adathassál |
adathasson | adathassunk | adathassatok | adathassanak | |
Def. | adathassam | adathasd or adathassad |
adathassa | adathassuk | adathassátok | adathassák | |||
2nd-p. o. | adathassalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. adathatott légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (adathatni) | (adathatnom) | (adathatnod) | (adathatnia) | (adathatnunk) | (adathatnotok) | (adathatniuk) | ||
Positive adjective | adatható | Neg. adj. | adathatatlan | Adv. part. | (adathatva / adathatván) | ||||
Derived terms
(With verbal prefixes):
- átadat
- beadat
- eladat
- előadat
- feladat
- kiadat
- leadat
- megadat
- ráadat
- visszaadat
References
- Eőry, Vilma. Értelmező szótár+ (’Explanatory Dictionary Plus’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2007. →ISBN
Further reading
- (noun, “data”): adat in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- (verb, causative of “to give”): adat in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- adat in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2024)
Iban
Indonesian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /a.dat/
Etymology 1
From Malay adat, from Classical Malay عادة (adat), from Persian عادت ('âdat), from Arabic عَادَة (ʕāda, “habit, custom”), from the verb عَوْدَ (ʕawda, “to appurtain, to be proper”).
Noun
adat (first-person possessive adatku, second-person possessive adatmu, third-person possessive adatnya)
Derived terms
- beradat
- mengadatkan
- teradat
- adat bilokal
- adat huma
- adat istiadat
- adat kemenakan
- adat matrilineal
- adat matrilokal
- adat neolokal
- adat patrilokal
- adat pemaduan
- adat pemali
- adat pembakaran jenazah
- adat pembiaran jenazah
- adat pembuang
Etymology 2
From Betawi adat or Javanese ꦔꦢꦠ꧀ (ngadat, “troublesome”, literally “habit”), cf. the same etymology as above.
Verb
adat (used in the form mengadat or ngadat)
Derived terms
- mengadat
References
- “adat” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Javanese
Malay
Etymology
From Classical Malay عادة (adat), from Persian عادت ('âdat), from Arabic عَادَة (ʕāda, “habit, custom”), from the verb عَوْدَ (ʕawda, “to appurtain, to be proper”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /adat/
- Rhymes: -adat, -dat, -at
Noun
adat (Jawi spelling عادت, plural adat-adat, informal 1st possessive adatku, 2nd possessive adatmu, 3rd possessive adatnya)
- custom (Frequent repetition of the same act)
Further reading
- “adat” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Sundanese
Ternate
Etymology
From the older adati, with word-final vowel deletion. Likely reinforced by Indonesian adat.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /a.ˈdat/
References
- Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh
Turkmen
Western Cham
Alternative forms
References
- Abdul Majid Hj. Yunos (2012) Kamus Cam–Melayu [Cham–Malay Dictionary] (in Malay), Bangi: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, →ISBN, page 1