Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/leugan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *leuganą.

Verb

*leugan

to lie, tell a falsehood

Inflection

Strong class 2
Infinitive	*leugan
1st sg. past	*laug
3rd pl. past	*lugun
Past ptcple	*logan
Infinitive	*leugan
Genitive infin.	*leugannjas
Dative infin.	*leugannjē
Instrum. infin.	*leugannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*leugu	*laug
2nd singular	*liugiʀi	*lugī
3rd singular	*liugidi	*laug
1st plural	*leugum	*lugum
2nd plural	*liugid	*lugud
3rd plural	*leugand	*lugun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*leugē	*lugī
2nd singular	*leugēs	*lugī
3rd singular	*leugē	*lugī
1st plural	*leugēm	*lugīm
2nd plural	*leugēþ	*lugīd
3rd plural	*leugēn	*lugīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*liug
Plural	*liugid
	Present	Past
Participle	*leugandī	*logan

Derived terms

*bileugan

Related terms

*lugi
*luginu

Descendants

Old English: lēogan
- Middle English: lien
  - English: lie
  - Scots: lee
Old Frisian: liāga
- Saterland Frisian: ljooge
- West Frisian: lige
Old Saxon: liogan
- Middle Low German: lēgen, leigen
  - Low German: legen, lögen
Old Dutch: liegan
- Middle Dutch: liegen
  - Dutch: liegen
  - Limburgish: lege
Old High German: liogan
- Middle High German: liegen, liugen
  - German: lügen
  - Central Franconian: leeje, lieje, lüjje
    - Luxembourgish: léien
  - Bavarian: liagn, liang
  - Yiddish: לײַגן (laygn)

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