< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hard(ī)

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *harduz + * (adjective suffix).

Adjective

*hard(ī) (comparative *hardiʀō, superlative *hardist)

  1. hard

Inflection

a-stem
Singular Masculine
Nominative *hard
Genitive *hardas
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative *hard *hardu *hard
Accusative *hardanā *hardā *hard
Genitive *hardas *hardeʀā *hardas
Dative *hardumē *hardeʀē *hardumē
Instrumental *hardu *hardeʀu *hardu
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative *hardē *hardō *hardu
Accusative *hardā *hardā *hardu
Genitive *hardeʀō *hardeʀō *hardeʀō
Dative *hardēm, *hardum *hardēm, *hardum *hardēm, *hardum
Instrumental *hardēm, *hardum *hardēm, *hardum *hardēm, *hardum
ja-stem
Singular Masculine
Nominative *hardī
Genitive *hardijas
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative *hardī *hardiju *hardī
Accusative *hardijanā *hardijā *hardī
Genitive *hardijas *hardijeʀā *hardijas
Dative *hardijumē *hardijeʀē *hardijumē
Instrumental *hardiju *hardijeʀu *hardiju
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative *hardijē *hardijō *hardiju
Accusative *hardijā *hardijā *hardiju
Genitive *hardijeʀō *hardijeʀō *hardijeʀō
Dative *hardijēm, *hardijum *hardijēm, *hardijum *hardijēm, *hardijum
Instrumental *hardijēm, *hardijum *hardijēm, *hardijum *hardijēm, *hardijum

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Old English: heard
    • Middle English: hard
  • Old Frisian: herde, herd
    • Saterland Frisian: hart
    • West Frisian: hurd
  • Old Saxon: hard
  • Old Dutch: hart
  • Old High German: hart
    • Middle High German: hart, herte
      • Alemannic German: hert
        Swabian: hirrt
      • Bavarian: hoat
      • Central Franconian: haat
      • German: hart
      • Luxembourgish: haart
      • Yiddish: האַרט (hart)
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