Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hallju

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *haljō.

Noun

*hallju f[1]

the netherworld, the underworld, hell

Inflection

ō-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*hallju
Genitive	*halljā
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*hallju	*halljō
Accusative	*halljā	*halljā
Genitive	*halljā	*halljō
Dative	*halljē	halljōm, halljum
Instrumental	*hallju	halljōm, halljum

Descendants

Old English: hell, hel
- Middle English: helle, hel, hell; hælle
  - English: hell, Hell
  - Scots: hell, Hell
Old Frisian: helle, hille
- North Frisian: helle, hille, hel
- Saterland Frisian: Hälle
- West Frisian: hel
Old Saxon: hel, hellja, hellia
- Middle Low German: helle
  - German Low German: Helle, Hölle, Hell, Höll
  - Westphalian:
    Sauerländisch: Helle
    Westmünsterländisch: Helle f, Hell m
  - Plautdietsch: Hal
Old Dutch: hella
- Middle Dutch: helle
  - Dutch: hel
    - Afrikaans: hel
  - Limburgish: hel
Old High German: hellia, hella
- Middle High German: helle
  - Alemannic German: Hell
  - Cimbrian: hélla
  - German: Helle, Hölle
  - Luxembourgish: Häll
  - Rhine Franconian:
    Pennsylvania German: Hell

References

Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 52: “PWGmc *[halʲlʲu]”

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[1] Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 52: “PWGmc *[halʲlʲu]”