< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic

Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/es

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Noun

*es

  1. memory
  2. mind

Declension
Declension of *es
Singular 3)
Nominative *es
Accusative *esni, *esig 4), *esnig 1)
Genitive *esniŋ
Dative *eske
Locative *esde
Ablative *esden
Allative *esgerü
Instrumental 2) *esin
Equative 2) *esče
Similative 2) *esleyü
Comitative 2) *esligü
1) Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
4) Found in the Old Turkic era.

Descendants
  • Oghur:
    • Chuvash: ас (as)
    • → Hungarian: ész
  • Common Turkic: *es
    • ⇒ Common Turkic: *esirge
  • Karluk:
    • Uzbek: es
    • Uyghur: ئەس (es)
  • Oghuz:
    • Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (es), [script needed] (esle-)
    • Turkmen: es
  • Kipchak:
    • North Kipchak:
    • East Kipchak:
      • Kyrgyz: эс (es)
      • Southern Altai: эс (es)
    • West Kipchak:
      • Crimean Tatar: es
      • Karachay-Balkar: эс (es)
      • Kumyk: эс (es)
    • South Kipchak:

References
  • Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 252
  • Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, pages 49-50
  • Sevortjan, E. V. (1974) “ес”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Nauka, page 310
  • Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*es”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎, Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
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