Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/palụka

This Proto-Tungusic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Tungusic

Etymology

From Proto-Mongolic *haluka or its ancestor, possibly of Indo-European origin.

Compare Mongolian алх (alx), Kazakh балға (balğa), Sanskrit परशु (paraśu, “axe”), Ancient Greek πέλεκυς (pélekus, “axe”), Russian палка (palka).

Noun

*palụka

hammer

Declension

Declension of *palụka

	Singular
Nominative	*palụka
Accusative	*palụkaba
Genitive	*palụkaŋī
Dative	*palụkadua
Locative	*palụkala
Ablative	*palụkadiki
Prolative	*palụkali
Elative	*palụkagiʒi
Instrumental	*palụkaʒi
Delative	*palụkalāki
Directive	*palụkatiki
Comitative	*palụkagili

Descendants

Jurchen:
- Manchu: ᡶᠣᠯᡥᠣ (folho)
Tungusic:
- North Tungusic:
  - Even: халка̇ (halkȧ)
  - Evenki: халка (halka)
  - Negidal: [script needed] (halka)
  - Solon: алха (alha)
- South Tungusic:
  - Central:
    - Oroch: халуа
    - Udihe: халуга
  - South-Eastern:
    - Nanai: палоа (paloa)
    - Orok: пало, [script needed] (paloγa)
    - Ulch: [script needed] (palawun)

References

Cincius, V. I. (1977) Сравнительный словарь тунгусо-маньчжурских языков [Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages] (in Russian), volume 2, Leningrad: Nauka, page 313
Rozycki, William Vincent (1994) Mongol Elements in Manchu (Uralic and Altaic series; 157), Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University, Research Institute for Inner Asian Studies, page 113

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